Characterization of human dental pulp cells grown in chemically defined serum‑free medium

Fujii,Sakiko; Fujimoto,Katsumi; Goto,Noriko; Abiko,Yoshimitsu; Imaoka,Asayo; Shao,Jinchang; Kitayama,Kazuko; Kanawa,Masami; Sosiawan,Agung; Suardita,Ketut; Nishimura,Fusanori; Kato,Yukio

doi:10.3892/br.2018.1066

Characterization of human dental pulp cells grown in chemically defined serum‑free medium

Authors:
- Sakiko Fujii
- Katsumi Fujimoto
- Noriko Goto
- Yoshimitsu Abiko
- Asayo Imaoka
- Jinchang Shao
- Kazuko Kitayama
- Masami Kanawa
- Agung Sosiawan
- Ketut Suardita
- Fusanori Nishimura
- Yukio Kato
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Affiliations: Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734‑8553, Japan, Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734‑8553, Japan, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734‑8553, Japan, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271‑8587, Japan, Two Cells Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 734‑0816, Japan, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734‑8553, Japan, Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60132, Indonesia, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60132, Indonesia
Published online on: February 16, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1066
Pages: 350-358
Copyright: © Fujii et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Dental pulp cells (DPCs) are promising candidates for use as transplantable cells in regenerative medicine. However, ex vivo expansion of these cells typically requires culture media containing fetal bovine serum, which may cause infection and immunological reaction following transplantation. In addition, the proliferation and differentiation of DPCs markedly depend upon serum batches. Therefore, the present study examined whether DPCs could be expanded under serum‑free conditions. DPCs obtained from four donors were identified to proliferate actively in the serum‑free medium, STK2, when compared with those cells in control medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10% serum). The high proliferative potential with STK2 was maintained through multiple successive culture passages. DNA microarray analyses demonstrated that the gene expression profile of DPCs grown in STK2 was similar to that of cells grown in the control medium; however, a number of genes related to cell proliferation, including placental growth factor and inhibin‑βE, were upregulated in the STK2 cultures. Following induction of osteogenesis, DPCs grown in STK2 induced alkaline phosphatase activity and calcification at higher levels compared with the control medium cultures, indicating maintenance of differentiation potential in STK2. This serum‑free culture system with DPCs may have applications in further experimental studies and as a clinical strategy in regenerative medicine.

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