Isolated angioedema: An overview of clinical features and etiology (Review)

Nedelea,Irena; Deleanu,Diana

doi:10.3892/etm.2018.6982

Isolated angioedema: An overview of clinical features and etiology (Review)

Authors:
- Irena Nedelea
- Diana Deleanu
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Affiliations: Allergology and Immunology Discipline, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400012, Romania
Published online on: November 16, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6982
Pages: 1068-1072

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Abstract

Angioedema can occur in isolation, accompanied by urticaria, or as a feature of anaphylaxis in mast cell-mediated disorders, bradykinin-mediated disorders, as well as in others with unknown mechanisms, such as infections, rare disorders, or idiopathic angioedema. In mast cell-mediated angioedema, other signs and symptoms of mast cell-mediator release are frequently seen. However, clear evidence of mast cell degranulation may be absent in histaminergic angioedema. Bradykinin-induced angioedema is not associated with urticaria or other symptoms of type I hypersensitivity reactions. For many of the known triggers of angioedema, the mechanism is unclear. While mast cell and bradykinin-mediated angioedema are relatively well defined in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic approach, angioedema with unknown mechanisms represents a challenge for patients and clinicians alike. Elucidating the clinical pattern and the possible causes of isolated angioedema is the key to a correct diagnosis. This review summarizes the causes, and clinical features of angioedema, with a focus on isolated angioedema.

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