NOD1 and NOD2 stimulation triggers innate immune responses of human periodontal ligament cells

Jeon,Do-In; Park,Se-Ra; Ahn,Mee-Young; Ahn,Sang-Gun; Park,Jong-Hwan; Yoon,Jung-Hoon

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2012.878

NOD1 and NOD2 stimulation triggers innate immune responses of human periodontal ligament cells

Authors:
- Do-In Jeon
- Se-Ra Park
- Mee-Young Ahn
- Sang-Gun Ahn
- Jong-Hwan Park
- Jung-Hoon Yoon
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology and Research Center for Oral Disease Regulation of the Aged, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, 28 Wonang-1-ro, Gwanjeo-dong, Seo-gu, Daejeon 302-718, Republic of Korea, Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, 375 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
Published online on: January 3, 2012 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2012.878
Pages: 699-703

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Abstract

Nod-like receptors (NLRs) are cytosolic sensors for microbial molecules. Νucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)1 and NOD2 recognize the peptidoglycan derivatives, meso-diaminopimelic acid (meso-DAP) and muramyl dipeptide (MDP), respectively, and trigger host innate immune responses. In the present study, we examined the function of NOD1 and NOD2 on innate immune responses in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. The gene expression of NOD1 and NOD2 was examined by RT-PCR. IL-6 and IL-8 production in culture supernatants was measured by ELISA. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the activation of NF-κB and MAPK in response to Tri-DAP and MDP. The genes of NOD1 and NOD2 appeared to be expressed in PDL cells. Although the levels of NOD2 expression were weak in intact cells, MDP stimulation increased the gene expression of NOD2 in PDL cells. Tri-DAP and MDP led to the production of IL-6 and IL-8 and the activation of NF-κB and MAPK in PDL cells. Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation led to increased gene expression of NOD1 and NOD2 in PDL cells. Pam3CSK4 (a TLR2 agonist) and IFN-γ synergized with Tri-DAP and MDP to produce IL-8 and IL-6 in PDL cells. Our results indicate that NOD1 and NOD2 are functionally expressed in human PDL cells and can trigger innate immune responses.

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