Sphingosine-1-phosphate protects against bisphosphonate‑induced HUVEC cell death via regulation of c-Jun‑N‑terminal kinase signaling

Lee,You-Jin; Jeong,Jae-Kyo; Lee,Ju-Hee; Park,Yang-Gyu; Moon,Ji-Hong; Seol,Jae-Won; Jackson,Christopher J.; Park,Sang-Youel

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2013.1266

Sphingosine-1-phosphate protects against bisphosphonate‑induced HUVEC cell death via regulation of c-Jun‑N‑terminal kinase signaling

Authors:
- You-Jin Lee
- Jae-Kyo Jeong
- Ju-Hee Lee
- Yang-Gyu Park
- Ji-Hong Moon
- Jae-Won Seol
- Christopher J. Jackson
- Sang-Youel Park
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Affiliations: Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
Published online on: February 4, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2013.1266
Pages: 811-816

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Abstract

Bisphosphonates (BPs) remain the most widely used and effective antiresorptive agents in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In particular, nitrogen-containing BPs (N-BPs) are more potent at inhibiting bone resorption in vivo than simple BPs, but they are associated with a number of side-effects including increased endothelial cell apoptosis in patients with multiple myeloma. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a sphingolipid metabolite, plays important roles in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation and programmed cell death as a multifunctional bioactive lipid mediator. The aim of this study was to elucidate the protective effect and the possible mechanism of S1P against BP-induced cell damage using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were treated with S1P for 1 h and then with BP including alendronate, zoledronate and risedronate. S1P protects HUVECs against BP-induced cell death and the protective effect was increased by S1P in a dose-dependent manner. S1P blocked BP-induced caspase-3 activation, nuclear factor-κB activation, c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and DNA fragmentation. The blocking of JNK phosphorylation inhibited BP-induced caspase activation and HUVEC cell death. The present study demonstrates that S1P inhibits BP-induced endothelial cell death via regulation of JNK phosphorylation, and also suggests that S1P has the potential to be a therapeutic drug in various vascular diseases induced by BP.

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