Impact of vitamin E-blended UHMWPE wear particles on the osseous microenvironment in polyethylene particle-induced osteolysis

Neuerburg,Carl; Loer,Theresa; Mittlmeier,Lena; Polan,Christina; Farkas,Zsuzsanna; Holdt,Lesca  Miriam; Utzschneider,Sandra; Schwiesau,Jens; Grupp,Thomas   M.; Böcker,Wolfgang; Aszodi,Attila; Wedemeyer,Christian; Kammerlander,Christian

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2016.2780

Impact of vitamin E-blended UHMWPE wear particles on the osseous microenvironment in polyethylene particle-induced osteolysis

Authors:
- Carl Neuerburg
- Theresa Loer
- Lena Mittlmeier
- Christina Polan
- Zsuzsanna Farkas
- Lesca Miriam Holdt
- Sandra Utzschneider
- Jens Schwiesau
- Thomas M. Grupp
- Wolfgang Böcker
- Attila Aszodi
- Christian Wedemeyer
- Christian Kammerlander
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Affiliations: Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Munich University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany, KKEL St. Barbara Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Gladbeck, Germany
Published online on: October 18, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2780
Pages: 1652-1660
Copyright: © Neuerburg et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Aseptic loosening mediated by wear particle-induced osteolysis (PIO) remains the major cause of implant loosening in endoprosthetic surgery. The development of new vitamin E (α-tocopherol)-blended ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (VE-UHMWPE) with increased oxidation resistance and improved mechanical properties has raised hopes. Furthermore, regenerative approaches may be opened, as vitamin E supplementation has shown neuroprotective characteristics mediated via calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is known to affect bone remodeling in PIO. Therefore, the present study aimed to further clarify the impact of VE-UHMWPE wear particles on the osseous microenvironment and to identify the potential modulatory pathways involved. Using an established murine calvaria model, mice were subjected to sham operation (SHAM group), or treated with UHMWPE or VE-UHMWPE particles for different experimental durations (7, 14 and 28 days; n=6/group). Morphometric analysis by micro-computed tomography detected significant (p<0.01) and comparable signs of PIO in all particle-treated groups, whereas markers of inflammation [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining] and bone remodeling [Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1)/osteoprotegerin (OPG)] were most affected in the early stages following surgery. Taking the present data into account, VE-UHMWPE appears to have a promising biocompatibility and increased ageing resistance. According to the α-CGRP serum levels and immunohistochemistry, the impact of vitamin E on neuropeptidergic signaling and its chance for regenerative approaches requires further investigation.

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