Inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis by water extract of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng)

  • Authors:
    • Pham Gia Tien
    • Fujio Kayama
    • Fumio Konishi
    • Hiroyuki Tamemoto
    • Keizo Kasono
    • Nguyen Thi Kim Hung
    • Masatoshi Kuroki
    • San-E Ishikawa
    • Chuyen Nguyen Van
    • Masanobu Kawakami
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: April 1, 2005     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.26.4.881
  • Pages: 881-889
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Abstract

The antitumor activity of the crude water extract from Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis) was investigated in vivo and in vitro. A water extract prepared from 0.75 and 0.25 mg dry weight of Gac fruit per gram body weight was given daily to Balb/c mice (n=15/group). The water extract inhibited the growth of the colon 26-20 adenocarcinoma cell line, transplanted in Balb/c mice, reducing wet tumor weight by 23.6%. Histological and immunohistochemical results indicated that Gac water extract reduced the density of blood vessels around the carcinoma. The water extract also produced a marked suppression of cell proliferation in colon 26-20 and HepG2 cells. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated a significant accumulation of cells in the S phase by water extract. Immunoblotting showed that cyclin A, Cdk2, p27waf1/Kip1 were down-regulated, whereas the protein level of p21waf1/Cip1 was not decreased. Treatment of colon 26-20 cells with Gac extract induced necrosis rather than apoptosis. The antitumor component was confirmed as a protein with molecular weight of 35 kDa, retained in the water-soluble high molecular weight fraction. Thus, the bioactive antitumor compound in Gac extract is a protein, which is distinct from lycopene, another compound in Gac fruit with potential antitumor activity.

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April 2005
Volume 26 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Spandidos Publications style
Tien PG, Kayama F, Konishi F, Tamemoto H, Kasono K, Hung NT, Kuroki M, Ishikawa S, Van CN, Kawakami M, Kawakami M, et al: Inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis by water extract of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng). Int J Oncol 26: 881-889, 2005.
APA
Tien, P.G., Kayama, F., Konishi, F., Tamemoto, H., Kasono, K., Hung, N.T. ... Kawakami, M. (2005). Inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis by water extract of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng). International Journal of Oncology, 26, 881-889. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.26.4.881
MLA
Tien, P. G., Kayama, F., Konishi, F., Tamemoto, H., Kasono, K., Hung, N. T., Kuroki, M., Ishikawa, S., Van, C. N., Kawakami, M."Inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis by water extract of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng)". International Journal of Oncology 26.4 (2005): 881-889.
Chicago
Tien, P. G., Kayama, F., Konishi, F., Tamemoto, H., Kasono, K., Hung, N. T., Kuroki, M., Ishikawa, S., Van, C. N., Kawakami, M."Inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis by water extract of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng)". International Journal of Oncology 26, no. 4 (2005): 881-889. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.26.4.881