Growth factor biomarkers associated with estrogen- and radiation-induced breast cancer progression

  • Authors:
    • G. M. Calaf
    • D. Roy
    • T. K. Hei
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: January 1, 2006     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.28.1.87
  • Pages: 87-93
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Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Transformation of a normal cell to a malignant one results from mutations in genes that encode key regulatory proteins. Growth factors are proteins secreted by a variety of transformed cells and tumors and function as autocrine regulators of growth. Biomarkers associated with cancer were examined in human breast epithelial cells transformed by high-LET radiation in the presence of 17β-estradiol. An established cancer model was used in these studies. The MCF-10F cells that were irradiated with double doses of α-particles in the presence of estrogen (60 cGy + E/60 cGy + E, named Alpha 5) showed gradual phenotypic changes relative to control, including tumorigenicity in heterologous animals. Protein expression was determined by quantification of immunofluorescence staining coupled with confocal micro-scopy. The transforming growth factor α, epidermal growth factor, ERK1 and fibroblast growth factor-1 (Int2) protein expression was analyzed. Increased protein expression was observed in non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic α-irradiated and estrogen-treated cells. However, Stat-1α and pS2 protein expression was only increased in the tumorigenic Alpha 5 and Tumor 2 cell lines. It can be concluded that high-LET radiation in the presence of estrogen-induced changes in the proteins associated with growth factors and their overexpression may be a critical step in the cascade of events that characterize progression in breast cancer.

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January 2006
Volume 28 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Spandidos Publications style
Calaf GM, Roy D and Hei TK: Growth factor biomarkers associated with estrogen- and radiation-induced breast cancer progression. Int J Oncol 28: 87-93, 2006.
APA
Calaf, G.M., Roy, D., & Hei, T.K. (2006). Growth factor biomarkers associated with estrogen- and radiation-induced breast cancer progression. International Journal of Oncology, 28, 87-93. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.28.1.87
MLA
Calaf, G. M., Roy, D., Hei, T. K."Growth factor biomarkers associated with estrogen- and radiation-induced breast cancer progression". International Journal of Oncology 28.1 (2006): 87-93.
Chicago
Calaf, G. M., Roy, D., Hei, T. K."Growth factor biomarkers associated with estrogen- and radiation-induced breast cancer progression". International Journal of Oncology 28, no. 1 (2006): 87-93. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.28.1.87