Capsosiphon fulvescens glycoprotein reduces AGS gastric cancer cell migration by downregulating transforming growth factor-β1 and integrin expression

Kim,Young-Min; Kim,In-Hye; Nam,Taek-Jeong

doi:10.3892/ijo.2013.2055

Capsosiphon fulvescens glycoprotein reduces AGS gastric cancer cell migration by downregulating transforming growth factor-β1 and integrin expression

Authors:
- Young-Min Kim
- In-Hye Kim
- Taek-Jeong Nam
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Affiliations: Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-911, Republic of Korea
Published online on: August 7, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.2055
Pages: 1059-1065
Copyright: © Kim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

Seaweeds are commonly used as functional foods and drugs. A glycoprotein (GP) from the green alga Capsosiphon fulvescens (Cf) has been reported to have antitumor activity toward various cancer cells. We previously observed that Cf-GP induced different pathways of apoptosis in AGS human gastric cancer cells. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 plays an important role in cancer cell migration. Increased TGF-β1 levels increase the expression of the small GTPases and activate the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathways, resulting in the upregulation of integrin receptor proteins, which mediate the attachment of cells to surrounding tissues, cells or extracellular matrix. Thus, the inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling would downregulate integrin expression and thereby effectively decrease cell growth and migration. In the present study, we determined the effect of Cf-GP treatment on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of AGS human gastric cancer cells. To investigate the mechanism by which Cf-GP exerts its anticancer actions, we examined the effect of Cf-GP on the expression levels of TGF-β1, FAK, PI3K, AKT, the small GTPases and integrins in AGS cells. Our findings indicate that Cf-GP inhibits AGS cell proliferation and migration by downregulating integrin expression via the TGF-β1-activated FAK/PI3K/AKT pathways. These results suggest that Cf-GP may be an important factor in the development of functional foods and therapeutic agents.

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