Secondary lymphoblastic leukemia occurring 38 months after the primary diagnosis of multiple myeloma: A case report

Li,Junxun; Zhan,Jieyu; Zhang,Fan; Ye,Zhuangjian; Ouyang,Juan

doi:10.3892/ol.2016.4728

Secondary lymphoblastic leukemia occurring 38 months after the primary diagnosis of multiple myeloma: A case report

Authors:
- Junxun Li
- Jieyu Zhan
- Fan Zhang
- Zhuangjian Ye
- Juan Ouyang
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Affiliations: Department of Laboratory Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China, Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510410, P.R. China
Published online on: June 15, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4728
Pages: 847-856
Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell neoplasm characterized by the accumulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, the subsequent destruction of bone and organ dysfunction. The present study describes the case of a 66‑year‑old male patient who presented with the typical clinical manifestations of MM. The patient was administered a bortezomib and dexamethasone regimen for 2 cycles and achieved complete remission. Lenalidomide, vincristine, pirarubicin, dexamethasone, melphalan and thalidomide was used successively in consolidation therapy and maintenance therapy. The patient developed secondary B‑cell lymphoblastic leukemia 38 months after the primary MM diagnosis was made. Owing to the exposure of the patient to a variety of therapeutic agents, it could be inferred that multiple immune defects may have played an important role in the secondary lymphoblastic leukemia of the patient. Microscopic examination and flow cytometry detection were important in identifying the secondary malignancy in this MM case.

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