Open Access

Expression profile of SPACA5/Spaca5 in spermatogenesis and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

  • Authors:
    • Xiao‑Yue Zhang
    • Qiu‑Xia Yan
    • Xiao‑Yan Guo
    • Cai‑Rong Chen
    • Run‑Qiang Chen
    • Zhi‑Ming Cai
    • Ai‑Fa Tang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: September 21, 2016     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5164
  • Pages: 3731-3738
  • Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The majority of bladder cancer-associated mortalities are due to transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), which is the most prevalent and chemoresistant malignancy of the bladder. Sperm acrosome associated 5 (SPACA5)/Spaca5 is a sperm acrosome-associated, c‑type lysozyme-like protein that has been recently identified, and has been designated as an attractive candidate antigen for cancer testis. In the present study, the expression profile of SPACA5/Spaca5 was analyzed in spermatogenesis and TCC of the bladder using diverse molecular and cellular biology methods. Using reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR) to analyze the multi‑tissue distribution and temporal expression of SPACA5/Spaca5, the SPACA5/Spaca5 gene was determined to be generally not expressed in normal tissue, with the exception of the testis, and it could be detected at a low level on day 20 after birth in mouse testes and at a higher level on day 28. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that the SPACA5/Spaca5 protein was exclusively observed in the elongated spermatid of the normal testes, and was ectopically expressed in the cytoplasm of TCC, while it was not expressed in normal bladder tissues. The frequency of SPACA5 messenger RNA was detected in 45% of TCC (9/20) by RT‑quantitative PCR. Furthermore, SPACA5 protein was more frequently detected in high‑grade than in low‑grade tumors (61.54 vs. 30.00%, P=0.035). Accordingly, high SPACA5 staining scores were observed to be significantly associated with high‑grade tumors (n=65, R=0.279, P=0.027). Collectively, our findings indicated that SPACA5/Spaca5 may be important in male spermatogenesis and may be used as a potential target for specific immunotherapy in patients suffering from TCC.
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November-2016
Volume 12 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Zhang XY, Yan QX, Guo XY, Chen CR, Chen RQ, Cai ZM and Tang AF: Expression profile of SPACA5/Spaca5 in spermatogenesis and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Oncol Lett 12: 3731-3738, 2016
APA
Zhang, X., Yan, Q., Guo, X., Chen, C., Chen, R., Cai, Z., & Tang, A. (2016). Expression profile of SPACA5/Spaca5 in spermatogenesis and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Oncology Letters, 12, 3731-3738. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5164
MLA
Zhang, X., Yan, Q., Guo, X., Chen, C., Chen, R., Cai, Z., Tang, A."Expression profile of SPACA5/Spaca5 in spermatogenesis and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder". Oncology Letters 12.5 (2016): 3731-3738.
Chicago
Zhang, X., Yan, Q., Guo, X., Chen, C., Chen, R., Cai, Z., Tang, A."Expression profile of SPACA5/Spaca5 in spermatogenesis and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder". Oncology Letters 12, no. 5 (2016): 3731-3738. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5164