Comparison of the protein expression of calpain‑1, calpain‑2, calpastatin and calmodulin between gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa

Liu,Bide; Zhou,Yu; Lu,Dan; Liu,Yong; Zhang,Si‑Quan; Xu,Yan; Li,Wei; Gu,Xiao

doi:10.3892/ol.2017.6617

Comparison of the protein expression of calpain‑1, calpain‑2, calpastatin and calmodulin between gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa

Authors:
- Bide Liu
- Yu Zhou
- Dan Lu
- Yong Liu
- Si‑Quan Zhang
- Yan Xu
- Wei Li
- Xiao Gu
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Affiliations: College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China, School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, P.R. China
Published online on: July 20, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6617
Pages: 3705-3710

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Abstract

The understanding of molecular mechanisms that are involved in the development and the progression of gastric cancer (GC) are of importance for the diagnosis and treatment. The calpain system, which contains the calpains and the endogenous inhibitor, has been suggested as an important factor in the tumorigenesis and migration of colorectal adenocarcinoma, breast and ovarian cancer, and as a prognostic marker for GC. However, the expression level of calpain system proteins in GC and normal‑appearing peritumoral gastric mucosa remain unknown. The present study investigated the expression of calpain‑1 (CAPN1), calpain‑2 (CAPN2), calpastatin and calmodulin (CaM) in GC and uninvolved gastric mucosa tissues with immunohistochemistry. Results demonstrated that CAPN2 protein level increased in GCs compared with normal tissues, while calpastatin and CaM protein level decreased. No evident alterations were observed for CAPN1. Although the protein expression of all these four proteins was not in association with the clinical variables of GC in the present study, higher calpain enzyme activity could be a negative prognostic marker, since calpains are responsible for the generation of active forms of certain proteins that facilitate the progression of cancer. The ratio of (CAPN1 x CAPN2)/(calpastatin x CaM) may serve as a potential index for diagnosis of GC.

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