The diagnostic role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Zhang,Si‑Cong; Zhou,Shui‑Hong; Shang,De‑Sheng; Bao,Yang‑Yang; Ruan,Ling‑Xiang; Wu,Ting‑Ting

doi:10.3892/ol.2018.8053

The diagnostic role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Authors:
- Si‑Cong Zhang
- Shui‑Hong Zhou
- De‑Sheng Shang
- Yang‑Yang Bao
- Ling‑Xiang Ruan
- Ting‑Ting Wu
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
Published online on: February 14, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.8053
Pages: 5533-5544
Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to assess the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in hypopharyngeal carcinoma. A total of 40 hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and 15 benign lesion tissues were retrospectively analyzed. DWI, and T1‑ and T2‑weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of conventional MRI were 97.5, 66.7, and 89.1%, respectively. The mean ADC value [diffusion sensitive factor (b)=1,000x sec/mm2) for hypopharyngeal carcinomas was (1.0285±0.0328)x10‑3 mm2/sec, which was significantly lower than the mean ADC value for benign lesions [(1.5333±0.1061)x10‑3 mm2/sec; P<0.001]. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.921 while the optimal threshold for the cut‑off point of the ADC was 1.075x10‑3 mm2/sec. The mean ADC value of the metastatic nodes was (0.9184±0.0538)x10‑3 mm2/sec, lower than the mean value for the benign nodes [(1.2538±0.1145)x10‑3 mm2/sec; P=0.005]. Two groups were created according to the mean of the ADC value of hypopharyngeal carcinomas [≤(1.0285±0.0328)x10‑3 mm2/sec vs. >(1.0285±0.0328)x10‑3 mm2/sec]. The 2‑year survival rates of the two groups were 55.6 and 100.0%, respectively (P=0.024). ADC values may aid in distinguishing hypopharyngeal carcinomas from benign lesions and differentiating metastatic lymph nodes of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas from reactive cervical lymph nodes. In conclusion, mean ADC values may be useful prognostic factors in univariate analysis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

View Figures

View References

1	Kim JW, Kim MS, Kim SH, Kim JH, Lee CG, Kim GE and Keum KC: Definitive chemoradiotherapy versus surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy in resectable stage III/IV hypopharyngeal cancer. Cancer Res Treat. 48:45–53. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Vandersteen C, Benezery K, Chamorey E, Ettaiche M, Dassonville O, Poissonnet G, Riss JC, Pierre CS, Hannoun-Lévi JM, Chand Me, et al: Contemporary therapeutic management of locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer: oncologic and functional outcomes-a report on 100 cases. Acta Otolaryngol. 135:193–200. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Zhong J, Lu Z, Xu L, Dong L, Qiao H, Hua R, Gong Y, Liu Z, Hao C, Liu X, et al: The diagnostic value of cervical lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous carcinoma by using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography perfusion. Biomed Res Int. 2014:2608592014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Driessen JP, van Kempen PM, van der Heijden GJ, Philippens ME, Pameijer FA, Stegeman I, Terhaard CH, Janssen LM and Grolman W: Diffusion-weighted imaging in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: A systematic review. Head Neck. 37:440–448. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Sun Y, Tong T, Cai S, Bi R, Xin C and Gu Y: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value: A potential imaging biomarker that reflects the biological features of rectal cancer. PLoS One. 9:e1093712014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Payne KF, Haq J, Brown J and Connor S: The role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis, lymph node staging and assessment of treatment response of head and neck cancer. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 44:1–7. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Chawla S, Kim S, Wang S and Poptani H: Diffusion-weighted imaging in head and neck cancers. Future Oncol. 5:959–975. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Thoeny HC, De Keyzer F and King AD: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the head and neck. Radiology. 263:19–32. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Wu LM, Xu JR, Liu MJ, Zhang XF, Hua J, Zheng J and Hu JN: Value of magnetic resonance imaging for nodal staging in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A meta-analysis. Acad Radiol. 19:331–340. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Driessen JP, Caldas-Magalhaes J, Janssen LM, Pameijer FA, Kooij N, Terhaard CH, Grolman W and Philippens ME: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma: Association between apparent diffusion coefficient and histologic findings. Radiology. 272:456–463. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Lee CC, Ho HC, Su YC, Yu CH and Yang CC: Modified tumor classification with inclusion of tumor characteristics improves discrimination and prediction accuracy in oral and hypopharyngeal cancer patients who underwent surgery. Medicine (Baltimore). 94:e11142015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Shang DS, Ruan LX, Zhou SH, Bao YY, Cheng KJ and Wang QY: Differentiating laryngeal carcinomas from precursor lesions by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 T: A preliminary study. PLoS One. 8:e686222013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Hwang I, Choi SH, Kim YJ, Kim KG, Lee AL, Yun TJ, Kim JH and Sohn CH: Differentiation of recurrent tumor and posttreatment changes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Application of high b-value diffusion-weighted imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34:2343–2348. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Li WF, Chen L, Mao YP, Shen JX, Zhang F, Peng H, Liu Q, et al: Prognostic value of the primary lesion apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A retrospective study of 541 cases. Sci Rep. 5:122422015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Li S, Cheng J, Zhang Y and Zhang Z: Differentiation of benign and malignant lesions of the tongue by using diffusion-weighted MRI at 3.0 T. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 44:201403252015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	McVeigh PZ, Syed AM, Milosevic M, Fyles A and Haider MA: Diffusion-weighted MRI in cervical cancer. Eur Radiol. 18:1058–1064. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Husby JA, Salvesen ØO, Magnussen IJ, Trovik J, Bjørge L, Salvesen HB and Haldorsen IS: Tumour apparent diffusion coefficient is associated with depth of myometrial invasion and is negatively correlated to tumour volume in endometrial carcinomas. Clin Radiol. 70:487–494. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Pekçevik Y, Çukurova İ and Arslan İB: Apparent diffusion coefficient for discriminating metastatic lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Diagn Interv Radiol. 21:397–402. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
19	Si J, Huang S, Shi H, Liu Z, Hu Q, Wang G, Shen G and Zhang D: Usefulness of 3T diffusion-weighted MRI for discrimination of reactive and metastatic cervical lymph nodes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: A pilot study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 43:201302022014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Lim HK, Lee JH, Baek HJ, Kim N, Lee H, Park JW, Kim SY, Cho KJ and Baek JH: Is diffusion-weighted MRI useful for differentiation of small non-necrotic cervical lymph nodes in patients with head and neck malignancies? Korean J Radiol. 15:810–816. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
21	Sumi M, Sakihama N, Sumi T, Morikawa M, Uetani M, Kabasawa H, Shigeno K, Hayashi K, Takahashi H and Nakamura T: Discrimination of metastatic cervical lymph nodes with diffusion-weighted MR imaging in patients with head and neck cancer. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24:1627–1634. 2003.PubMed/NCBI
22	Hatakenaka M, Nakamura K, Yabuuchi H, Shioyama Y, Matsuo Y, Kamitani T, Yonezawa M, Yoshiura T, Nakashima T, Mori M and Honda H: Apparent diffusion coefficient is a prognostic factor of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with radiotherapy. Jpn J Radiol. 32:80–89. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
23	Yoshida S, Kobayashi S, Koga F, Ishioka J, Ishii C, Tanaka H, Nakanishi Y, Matsuoka Y, Numao N, Saito K, et al: Apparent diffusion coefficient as a prognostic biomarker of upper urinary tract cancer: A preliminary report. Eur Radiol. 23:2206–2214. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
24	Galban CJ, Mukherji SK, Chenevert TL, Meyer CR, Hamstra DA, Bland PH, Johnson TD, Moffat BA, Rehemtulla A, Eisbruch A and Ross BD: A feasibility study of parametric response map analysis of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans of head and neck cancer patients for providing early detection of therapeutic efficacy. Transl Oncol. 2:184–190. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
25	Vandecaveye V, Dirix P, De Keyzer F, Op de Beeck K, Vander Poorten V, Hauben E, Lambrecht M, Nuyts S and Hermans R: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging early after chemoradiotherapy to monitor treatment response in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 82:1098–1107. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
26	Kamitani T, Matsuo Y, Yabuuchi H, Fujita N, Nagao M, Jinnouchi M, Yonezawa M, Yamasaki Y, Tokunaga E, Kubo M, et al: Correlations between apparent diffusion coefficient values and prognostic factors of breast cancer. Magn Reson Med Sci. 12:193–199. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
27	Xue H, Ren C, Yang J, Sun Z, Li S, Jin Z, Shen K and Zhou W: Histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient for the assessment of local aggressiveness of cervical cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 290:341–348. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
28	Downey K, Riches SF, Morgan VA, Giles SL, Attygalle AD, Ind TE, Barton DP, Shepherd JH and De Souza NM: Relationship between imaging biomarkers of stage I cervical cancer and poor-prognosis histologic features: Quantitative histogram analysis of diffusion-weighted MR images. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200:314–320. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
29	Ahn SJ, Choi SH, Kim YJ, Kim KG, Sohn CH, Han MH, Chang KH and Min HS: Histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient map of standard and high B-value diffusion MR imaging in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A correlation study with histological grade. Acad Radiol. 19:1233–1240. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI