Chitosan‑based nanoparticles with damnacanthal suppress CRM1 expression

Chaichanasak,Nadda; Rojanapanthu,Pleumchitt; Yoon,Yongdae; Gritsanapan,Wandee; Chirachanchai,Suwabun; Sathirakul,Korbtham; Nualsanit,Thararat; Seong,Je  Kyung; Baek,Seung  Joon

doi:10.3892/ol.2018.9507

Chitosan‑based nanoparticles with damnacanthal suppress CRM1 expression

Authors:
- Nadda Chaichanasak
- Pleumchitt Rojanapanthu
- Yongdae Yoon
- Wandee Gritsanapan
- Suwabun Chirachanchai
- Korbtham Sathirakul
- Thararat Nualsanit
- Je Kyung Seong
- Seung Joon Baek
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Affiliations: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Drug Discovery and Development Center, Thammasat University, Rangsit, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand, Phyto Product Research, Bangkok 10800, Thailand, The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand
Published online on: September 26, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9507
Pages: 7029-7034
Copyright: © Chaichanasak et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Phytochemicals may be promising anticancer agents given their various chemical structures and diverse biological activities. Damnacanthal (DAM) is a major bioactive component of Noni, which has been investigated previously as a cancer‑preventive or chemotherapeutic agent. DAM has also been reported to exhibit anti‑proliferative activity in several cancer types. In the present study, it was identified that DAM downregulates chromosome maintenance protein 1 (CRM1) expression in human cancer cells. The application of chitosan‑based nanoparticles (NPs) with DAM also induced CRM1 downregulation, which suggests that chitosan‑based NPs may be effective vehicles for delivery of phytochemicals such as DAM. It was also identified that DAM increased the levels of the tumor suppressor non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs‑activated gene 1 in the nucleus, thereby leading to enhanced anticancer effects. The results of the present study indicate that DAM and its nanoformulation may be a candidate anticancer drug.

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