Use of ANGPTL2 mRNA levels in formalin‑fixed paraffin‑embedded tissues as a biomarker to diagnose gastric cancer and to evaluate the extent of vascular invasion

Yoshinaga,Takuma; Nishimata,Hiroto; Tanaka,Sadao; Hori,Emiko; Tomiyoshi,Ayako; Tokudome,Erena; Takei,Takayuki; Yoshida,Masahiro

doi:10.3892/ol.2018.9610

Use of ANGPTL2 mRNA levels in formalin‑fixed paraffin‑embedded tissues as a biomarker to diagnose gastric cancer and to evaluate the extent of vascular invasion

Authors:
- Takuma Yoshinaga
- Hiroto Nishimata
- Sadao Tanaka
- Emiko Hori
- Ayako Tomiyoshi
- Erena Tokudome
- Takayuki Takei
- Masahiro Yoshida
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Affiliations: Division of Clinical Application, Nanpuh Hospital, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 891‑8512, Japan, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanpuh Hospital, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 891‑8512, Japan, Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nanpuh Hospital, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 891‑8512, Japan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890‑0065, Japan
Published online on: October 23, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9610
Pages: 518-524

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Abstract

With the recent advances in medical technologies, gastric cancer can often be removed with minimally invasive surgical techniques when identified early. Surgery must remove all gastric cancer, since residual cancerous tissue may lead to recurrence. Resected cancerous tissues are pathologically evaluated to determine whether all cancerous areas have been removed, but such assessments are rarely straightforward, and cancer markers could inform such pathological evaluations of cancer. An ideal marker would be identifiable in formalin‑fixed paraffin‑embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue. The first objective of the present study was to compare levels of angiopoietin‑like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) in cancerous and noncancerous areas of FFPE tissues to determine whether ANGPTL2 is a marker relevant to the pathological diagnosis of cancer. The second objective was to evaluate whether ANGPTL2 mRNA is useful as a marker of the extent of vascular invasion of gastric cancer. Out of the 15 patients studied, 12 had a higher ANGPTL2 mRNA levels in cancerous areas compared with noncancerous areas. This finding indicated that ANGPTL2 mRNA is useful as a biomarker for identifying cancerous areas in FFPE tissues, at least for male patients. Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the ANGPTL2 mRNA level and the degree of vascular invasion of cancer (r=0.66; P=0.01). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the association between the ANGPTL2 mRNA level and the degree of vascular invasion, the area under the curve was 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.78‑1.00; P=0.01), indicating a significant association. The present study demonstrates that ANGPTL2 mRNA in FFPE tissues is a potential biomarker that informs the pathological diagnosis of gastric cancer and that ANGPTL2 mRNA may be predictive of vascular invasion, which is an indicator of metastasis in gastric cancer.

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