CD9 expression as a favorable prognostic marker for patients with malignant mesothelioma

Amatya,Vishwa  Jeet; Takeshima,Yukio; Aoe,Keisuke; Fujimoto,Nobukazu; Okamoto,Toshihiro; Yamada,Taketo; Kishimoto,Takumi; Morimoto,Chikao; Inai,Kouki

doi:10.3892/or.2012.2116

CD9 expression as a favorable prognostic marker for patients with malignant mesothelioma

Authors:
- Vishwa Jeet Amatya
- Yukio Takeshima
- Keisuke Aoe
- Nobukazu Fujimoto
- Toshihiro Okamoto
- Taketo Yamada
- Takumi Kishimoto
- Chikao Morimoto
- Kouki Inai
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan, Department of Medical Oncology, Yamaguchi-Ube Medical Center, Yamaguchi, Japan, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan, Division of Clinical Immunology, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Pathology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
Published online on: October 31, 2012 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2012.2116
Pages: 21-28
Copyright: © Amatya et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

CD9 is involved in cell growth, adhesion and motility and its expression is reported to be of prognostic significance in various types of human malignancies. We found increased cell migration in the mesothelioma cell lines MSTO-211H and TUM1 following in vitro shRNA-mediated knockdown of CD9 expression. We investigated CD9 expression in 112 malignant pleural mesotheliomas. CD9 expression was observed in 62 of 71 epithelioid, 13 of 20 biphasic and only 1 of 21 sarcomatoid mesotheliomas. Among the epithelioid mesotheliomas (EMs), CD9 expression was observed in all of the 33 cases with a differentiated type (EM-D) and in 29 of the 38 cases with a less-differentiated type (EM-LD). Patients with CD9 expression showed higher 1- and 2-year survival rates (63 and 25%) compared to the patients without CD9 expression (39 and 11%). Univariate analysis revealed that patients with CD9 expression demonstrated a more favorable survival (P=0.0025) along with other clinicopathological factors, including age younger than 60 years, IMIG stage I-II, epithelioid histology, EM-D and patients who underwent extrapleural pneumonectomy or received chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis identified CD9 expression as an independent prognostic factor with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.99 in the analysis of all mesotheliomas (P=0.0261) and an HR of 2.60 in the analysis of EMs (P=0.0376). CD9 expression is an independent favorable prognostic marker of malignant mesothelioma.

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