α‑Tocopherol protects keratinocytes against ultraviolet A irradiation by suppressing glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species generation

Wu,Chi‑Ming; Cheng,Ya‑Li; Dai,You‑Hua; Chen,Mei‑Fei; Wang,Chee‑Chan

doi:10.3892/br.2014.236

May-June 2014 Volume 2 Issue 3

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May-June 2014 Volume 2 Issue 3

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Article

α‑Tocopherol protects keratinocytes against ultraviolet A irradiation by suppressing glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species generation

Authors:
- Chi‑Ming Wu
- Ya‑Li Cheng
- You‑Hua Dai
- Mei‑Fei Chen
- Chee‑Chan Wang
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department of Cosmetic Science, Vanung University, Tao‑Yuan 32061, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Pages: 419-423
|
Published online on: February 10, 2014

https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2014.236
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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate whether α‑tocopherol is able to protect keratinocytes against ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation by increasing glutathione (γ‑glutamylcysteinylglycine; GSH) levels or decreasing lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The cell survival fraction was 43.6% when keratinocytes were irradiated with UVA at a dose of 8 J/cm2. α‑Tocopherol was added prior to UVA irradiation and the cell viability was assayed. The cell survival fractions were 60.2, 77.1, 89.0, 92.9 and 96.2% when α‑tocopherol was added at concentrations of 2.9, 5.9, 8.8, 11.8 and 14.7 IU/ml, respectively. These results suggested that α‑tocopherol is capable of protecting keratinocytes against UVA irradiation. Furthermore, the levels of GSH, lipid peroxidation and ROS were measured. The levels of GSH were 0.354 and 0.600 mmol/g protein in keratinocytes irradiated with UVA (8 J/cm2) and in non‑irradiated cells, respectively, whereas they were 0.364, 0.420, 0.525, 0.540 and 0.545 mmol/g protein when α‑tocopherol was added at concentrations of 2.9, 5.9, 8.8, 11.8 and 14.7 IU/ml, respectively. The levels of lipid peroxidation were 20.401 or 5.328 µmol/g [malondialdehyde (MDA)/protein] in keratinocytes irradiated with UVA (8 J/cm2) and in non‑irradiated cells, respectively, whereas they were 11.685, 6.544, 5.847, 4.390 and 2.164 µmol/g (MDA/protein) when α‑tocopherol was added at concentrations of 2.9, 5.9, 8.8, 11.8 and 14.7 IU/ml, respectively. The levels of ROS were 3,952.17 or 111.87 1/mg protein in keratinocytes irradiated with UVA (8 J/cm2) and in non‑irradiated cells, respectively, whereas they were 742.48, 579.36, 358.16, 285.63 and 199.82 1/mg protein when α‑tocopherol was added at concentrations of 2.9, 5.9, 8.8, 11.8 and 14.7 IU/ml, respectively. These findings suggested that α‑tocopherol protects keratinocytes against UVA irradiation, possibly through increasing the levels of GSH or decreasing the levels of lipid peroxidation and ROS generation.

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