Circulating levels of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in patients with achalasia

Panza,Anna; Fontana,Andrea; Palmieri,Orazio; Merla,Antonio; Copetti,Massimiliano; Cuttitta,Antonello; Biscaglia,Giuseppe; Gentile,Annamaria; Andriulli,Angelo; Latiano,Anna

doi:10.3892/br.2021.1468

Circulating levels of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in patients with achalasia

Authors:
- Anna Panza
- Andrea Fontana
- Orazio Palmieri
- Antonio Merla
- Massimiliano Copetti
- Antonello Cuttitta
- Giuseppe Biscaglia
- Annamaria Gentile
- Angelo Andriulli
- Anna Latiano
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Affiliations: Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Gastroenterology Unit, I-71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Unit of Biostatistics, I-71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Unit of Thoracic Surgery, I-71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
Published online on: September 10, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1468
Article Number: 92
Copyright : © Panza et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].

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Abstract

Idiopathic achalasia is a disease that is characterized by the absence of peristalsis and incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, which is accompanied by dysphagia, regurgitation, chest pain and weight loss. The role of inflammatory infiltrates in the pathogenesis of achalasia remains controversial, although the infiltrating cell profile in the tissue has been previously characterized histologically and immunohistochemically. The present study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of 27 protein biomarkers to determine their association with achalasia and the clinical disease characteristics. The cytokine, chemokine and growth factor serum profiles of 68 patients with achalasia and 39 healthy individuals were explored using the 27‑Bio‑Plex Pro Human Cytokine assay. Reductions in the levels of inflammatory mediators IL‑1β, IL‑2, IL‑5, IL‑6, IL‑8, IL‑10, IL‑12p70, IL‑13, IL‑15, IL‑17, fibroblast growth factor, granulocyte colony‑stimulating factor, granulocyte‑macrophage colony‑stimulating factor, interferon‑γ, monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1, macrophage inflammatory protein‑1 (MIP‑1)α and MIP‑1β, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted, TNF‑α and VEGF were detected in the serum samples of patients with achalasia compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). However, significant associations between the expression in the levels of inflammatory factors and clinical characteristics of the patients were not found (P>0.05). These results suggest that achalasia is a disease that has a local but not a systemic inflammatory pattern. Further studies are required to improve the current understanding of the mechanism underlying this disease.

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