Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Biomedical Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9434 Online ISSN: 2049-9442
Journal Cover
October-2022 Volume 17 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2022 Volume 17 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model

  • Authors:
    • Takashi Kitagawa
    • Hirohisa Kawahata
    • Motokuni Aoki
    • Shintarou Kudo
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Graduate School of Health Sciences, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Suminoe‑ku, Osaka 559‑8611, Japan
  • Article Number: 79
    |
    Published online on: August 9, 2022
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2022.1562
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Fibrotic changes in the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) are involved in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). HIF‑1α is a transcription factor that is activated during hypoxia and is suggested to play a role in fibrosis in various organs. However, its participation in the fibrotic changes in IFP remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of HIF‑1α in IFP fibrosis using a carrageenan‑induced KOA rat model and evaluated the potential of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as a novel treatment for KOA. A rat model was prepared by intra‑articular injection of 0.5% carrageenan (50 µl) using 8‑week‑old male Wistar rats. Fibrosis of the IFP was evaluated histologically by hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius Red staining at 1 and 2 weeks after intra‑articular injection. The mRNA expression levels of HIF‑1α and fibrosis‑related molecules, CTGF and VEGF, were analyzed using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, and the DNA binding activity of HIF‑1α was assessed using a binding assay. In addition, the effect of irradiation with LIPUS on the fibrosis of IFP was verified. Histological studies demonstrated a significant increase in the fibrosis of IFP 1 and 2 weeks after intra‑articular injection of carrageenan, accompanied by overexpression of CTGF and VEGF, which was followed by upregulation of transcriptional activation of HIF‑1α. Moreover, intervention with LIPUS for 2 weeks after injection of carrageenan attenuated fibrosis of IFP, accompanied by a significant reduction in the transcriptional activation of HIF‑1α and decreased the gene expression levels of HIF‑1α, CTGF, and VEGF. The present study demonstrated that activation of HIF‑1α promoted fibrosis of IFP in carrageenan‑induced arthritis in rats and that intervention with LIPUS decreased the activity of HIF‑1α and inhibited fibrosis. These results suggest that LIPUS may serve as a novel approach for the treatment of KOA, through its modulation of HIF‑1α.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Sellam J and Berenbaum F: The role of synovitis in pathophysiology and clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 6:625–635. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Dieppe PA and Lohmander LS: Pathogenesis and management of pain in osteoarthritis. Lancet. 365:965–973. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Hunter DJ and Bierma-Zeinstra S: Osteoarthritis. Lancet. 393:1745–1759. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Hill CL, Gale DG, Chaisson CE, Skinner K, Kazis L, Gale ME and Felson DT: Knee effusions, popliteal cysts, and synovial thickening: Association with knee pain in osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol. 28:1330–1337. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

5 

Belluzzi E, Stocco E, Pozzuoli A, Granzotto M, Porzionato A, Vettor R, De Caro R, Ruggieri P, Ramonda R, Rossato M, et al: Contribution of infrapatellar fat pad and synovial membrane to knee osteoarthritis pain. Biomed Res Int. 2019(6390182)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Leese J and Davies DC: An investigation of the anatomy of the infrapatellar fat pad and its possible involvement in anterior pain syndrome: A cadaveric study. J Anat. 237:20–28. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Macchi V, Picardi EEE, Fontanella CG, Porzionato A, Stecco C, Tortorella C, Favero M, Natali A and De Caro R: The characteristics of the lobular arrangement indicate the dynamic role played by the infrapatellar fat pad in knee kinematics. J Anat. 235:80–87. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Macchi V, Stocco E, Stecco C, Belluzzi E, Favero M, Porzionato A and De Caro R: The infrapatellar fat pad and the synovial membrane: An anatomo-functional unit. J Anat. 233:146–154. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Nakanishi S, Morimoto R, Kitano M, Kawanishi K, Tanaka A and Kudo S: Difference in movement between superficial and deep parts of the infrapatellar fat pad during knee extension. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 6(68)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Distel E, Cadoudal T, Durant S, Poignard A, Chevalier X and Benelli C: The infrapatellar fat pad in knee osteoarthritis: An important source of interleukin-6 and its soluble receptor. Arthritis Rheum. 60:3374–3377. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Favero M, El-Hadi H, Belluzzi E, Granzotto M, Porzionato A, Sarasin G, Rambaldo A, Iacobellis C, Cigolotti A, Fontanella CG, et al: Infrapatellar fat pad features in osteoarthritis: A histopathological and molecular study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 56:1784–1793. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Bastiaansen-Jenniskens YM, Wei W, Feijt C, Waarsing JH, Verhaar JA, Zuurmond AM, Hanemaaijer R, Stoop R and van Osch GJ: Stimulation of fibrotic processes by the infrapatellar fat pad in cultured synoviocytes from patients with osteoarthritis: A possible role for prostaglandin f2α. Arthritis Rheum. 65:2070–2080. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Maculé F, Sastre S, Lasurt S, Sala P, Segur JM and Mallofré C: Hoffa's fat pad resection in total knee arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Belg. 71:714–717. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

14 

Fontanella CG, Macchi V, Carniel EL, Frigo A, Porzionato A, Picardi EEE, Favero M, Ruggieri P, de Caro R and Natali AN: Biomechanical behavior of Hoffa's fat pad in healthy and osteoarthritic conditions: Histological and mechanical investigations. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med. 41:657–667. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Henderson NC, Rieder F and Wynn TA: Fibrosis: From mechanisms to medicines. Nature. 587:555–566. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Wynn TA and Ramalingam TR: Mechanisms of fibrosis: Therapeutic translation for fibrotic disease. Nat Med. 18:1028–1040. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Wynn TA: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis. J Pathol. 214:199–210. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Sun K, Tordjman J, Clément K and Scherer PE: Fibrosis and adipose tissue dysfunction. Cell Metab. 18:470–477. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Halberg N, Khan T, Trujillo ME, Wernstedt-Asterholm I, Attie AD, Sherwani S, Wang ZV, Landskroner-Eiger S, Dineen S, Magalang UJ, et al: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha induces fibrosis and insulin resistance in white adipose tissue. Mol Cell Biol. 29:4467–4483. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Qing L, Lei P, Liu H, Xie J, Wang L, Wen T and Hu Y: Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in synovial fluid and articular cartilage is associated with disease severity in knee osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med. 13:63–68. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Sotobayashi D, Kawahata H, Anada N, Ogihara T, Morishita R and Aoki M: Therapeutic effect of intra-articular injection of ribbon-type decoy oligonucleotides for hypoxia inducible factor-1 on joint contracture in an immobilized knee animal model. J Gene Med. 18:180–192. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Ohtomo S, Nangaku M, Izuhara Y, Takizawa S, de Strihou CV and Miyata T: Cobalt ameliorates renal injury in an obese, hypertensive type 2 diabetes rat model. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 23:1166–1172. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Sotobayashi D and Kawahata H: Beneficial effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on progression of joint contracture. J Judo Ther. 27:125–132. 2019.(In Japanese).

24 

Itaya N, Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Kanazawa K, Koide M, Sekiguchi T, Yoshida S, Sogi Y, Yano T, Tsuchiya M, et al: Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for preventing joint stiffness in immobilized knee model in rats. Ultrasound Med Biol. 44:1244–1256. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Hansra P, Moran EL, Fornasier VL and Bogoch ER: Carrageenan-induced arthritis in the rat. Inflammation. 24:141–155. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Clockaerts S, Bastiaansen-Jenniskens YM, Runhaar J, Van Osch GJ, Van Offel JF, Verhaar JA, De Clerck LS and Somville J: The infrapatellar fat pad should be considered as an active osteoarthritic joint tissue: A narrative review. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 18:876–882. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Wang W, Liu Y, Yang C, Qi X, Li S, Liu C and Li X: Mesoporous bioactive glass combined with graphene oxide scaffolds for bone repair. Int J Biol Sci. 15:2156–2169. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Zarella MD, Breen DE, Plagov A and Garcia FU: An optimized color transformation for the analysis of digital images of hematoxylin & eosin stained slides. J Pathol Inform. 6(33)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Aigner T, Cook JL, Gerwin N, Glasson SS, Laverty S, Little CB, McIlwraith W and Kraus VB: Histopathology atlas of animal model systems-overview of guiding principles. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 18 (Suppl 3):S2–S6. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Seol D, Choe H, Zheng H, Jang K, Ramakrishnan PS, Lim TH and Martin JA: Selection of reference genes for normalization of quantitative real-time PCR in organ culture of the rat and rabbit intervertebral disc. BMC Res Notes. 4(162)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Baumann B, Hayashida T, Liang X and Schnaper HW: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α promotes glomerulosclerosis and regulates COL1A2 expression through interactions with Smad3. Kidney Int. 90:797–808. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Forsythe JA, Jiang BH, Iyer NV, Agani F, Leung SW, Koos RD and Semenza GL: Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor gene transcription by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Mol Cell Biol. 16:4604–4613. 1996.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Higgins DF, Biju MP, Akai Y, Wutz A, Johnson RS and Haase VH: Hypoxic induction of Ctgf is directly mediated by Hif-1. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 287:F1223–F1232. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Yoon KH, Tak DH, Ko TS, Park SE, Nam J and Lee SH: Association of fibrosis in the infrapatellar fat pad and degenerative cartilage change of patellofemoral joint after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee. 24:310–318. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Han W, Aitken D, Zhu Z, Halliday A, Wang X, Antony B, Cicuttini F, Jones G and Ding C: Hypointense signals in the infrapatellar fat pad assessed by magnetic resonance imaging are associated with knee symptoms and structure in older adults: A cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther. 18(234)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Ding N, Wei B, Fu X, Wang C and Wu Y: Natural products that target the NLRP3 inflammasome to treat fibrosis. Front Pharmacol. 11(591393)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Takahashi I, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H and Hoso M: Induction of osteoarthritis by injecting monosodium iodoacetate into the patellofemoral joint of an experimental rat model. PLoS One. 13(e0196625)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Inomata K, Tsuji K, Onuma H, Hoshino T, Udo M, Akiyama M, Nakagawa Y, Katagiri H, Miyatake K, Sekiya I, et al: Time course analyses of structural changes in the infrapatellar fat pad and synovial membrane during inflammation-induced persistent pain development in rat knee joint. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 20(8)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Ekundi-Valentim E, Santos KT, Camargo EA, Denadai-Souza A, Teixeira SA, Zanoni CI, Grant AD, Wallace J, Muscará MN and Costa SK: Differing effects of exogenous and endogenous hydrogen sulphide in carrageenan-induced knee joint synovitis in the rat. Br J Pharmacol. 159:1463–1474. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Ashraf S, Mapp PI, Shahtaheri SM and Walsh DA: Effects of carrageenan induced synovitis on joint damage and pain in a rat model of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 26:1369–1378. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Egners A, Erdem M and Cramer T: The response of macrophages and neutrophils to hypoxia in the context of cancer and other inflammatory diseases. Mediators Inflamm. 2016(2053646)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Semba H, Takeda N, Isagawa T, Sugiura Y, Honda K, Wake M, Miyazawa H, Yamaguchi Y, Miura M, Jenkins DM, et al: HIF-1α-PDK1 axis-induced active glycolysis plays an essential role in macrophage migratory capacity. Nat Commun. 7(11635)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Suda H, Ando A, Onoda Y, Tsuchiya M, Hatori K and Itoi E: Joint immobilization induced hypoxic and inflammatory conditions in rat knee joints. Connect Tissue Res. 54:210–217. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Zhao K, Weng L, Xu T, Yang C, Zhang J, Ni G, Guo X, Tu J, Zhang D, Sun W and Kong X: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound prevents prolonged hypoxia-induced cardiac fibrosis through HIF-1α/DNMT3a pathway via a TRAAK-dependent manner. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 48:1500–1514. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Costa V, Carina V, Conigliaro A, Raimondi L, De Luca A, Bellavia D, Salamanna F, Setti S, Alessandro R, Fini M and Giavaresi G: miR-31-5p is a LIPUS-mechanosensitive MicroRNA that targets HIF-1α signaling and cytoskeletal proteins. Int J Mol Sci. 20(1569)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Yang PF, Li D, Zhang SM, Wu Q, Tang J, Huang LK, Liu W, Xu XD and Chen SR: Efficacy of ultrasound in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Orthop Surg. 3:181–187. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Kitagawa T, Kawahata H, Aoki M and Kudo S: Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model. Biomed Rep 17: 79, 2022.
APA
Kitagawa, T., Kawahata, H., Aoki, M., & Kudo, S. (2022). Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model. Biomedical Reports, 17, 79. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2022.1562
MLA
Kitagawa, T., Kawahata, H., Aoki, M., Kudo, S."Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model". Biomedical Reports 17.4 (2022): 79.
Chicago
Kitagawa, T., Kawahata, H., Aoki, M., Kudo, S."Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model". Biomedical Reports 17, no. 4 (2022): 79. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2022.1562
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Kitagawa T, Kawahata H, Aoki M and Kudo S: Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model. Biomed Rep 17: 79, 2022.
APA
Kitagawa, T., Kawahata, H., Aoki, M., & Kudo, S. (2022). Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model. Biomedical Reports, 17, 79. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2022.1562
MLA
Kitagawa, T., Kawahata, H., Aoki, M., Kudo, S."Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model". Biomedical Reports 17.4 (2022): 79.
Chicago
Kitagawa, T., Kawahata, H., Aoki, M., Kudo, S."Inhibitory effect of low‑intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad through the regulation of HIF‑1α in a carrageenan‑induced knee osteoarthritis rat model". Biomedical Reports 17, no. 4 (2022): 79. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2022.1562
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team