Open Access

Association between bile area in the duodenal bulb and abdominal symptoms: Quantitative analysis using blue laser imaging

  • Authors:
    • Daiki Abe
    • Tsutomu Takeda
    • Daisuke Asaoka
    • Tomoyo Iwano
    • Ryota Uchida
    • Hisanori Utsunomiya
    • Shotaro Oki
    • Nobuyuki Suzuki
    • Atsushi Ikeda
    • Noboru Yatagai
    • Yoichi Akazawa
    • Kohei Matsumoto
    • Kumiko Ueda
    • Hiroya Ueyama
    • Mariko Hojo
    • Yuko Kojima
    • Shinji Nakamura
    • Shuko Nojiri
    • Akihito Nagahara
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: August 25, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2022.1566
  • Article Number: 83
  • Copyright: © Abe et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Bile acids are strongly associated with the pathogenesis of functional gastrointestinal diseases. In recent years, blue laser imaging (BLI) endoscopy has emerged as a novel image‑enhanced endoscopic method, which illustrates bile as a reddish hue. The present study investigated the factors that affect the area of bile in duodenal bulbs using BLI. For this purpose, patients (356 cases) who underwent upper endoscopy with BLI between April, 2017 and December, 2019, and completed patient background and symptom questionnaires [Constipation Scoring System (CSS), Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) and Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG)], were retrospectively investigated. Each BLI bile score was calculated as a percentage of bile area in a field of view in the duodenal bulb using a KS400 image analysis system, and the association with abdominal symptoms was examined using multiple regression analysis. The patient characteristics included the following: Age (in years), 69.9±11.3; male/female ratio, 146/210; body mass index, 23.0±3.8; reflux esophagitis (M/A/B/C), 143/19/3/3; atrophic gastritis (C‑0/C1‑3/O1‑3), 132/100/124; proton pump inhibitor potassium competitive acid blocker/aspirin/ursodeoxycholic acid/gall bladder stones/cholecystectomy, 105/27/18/43/18; BLI bile score, 7.10 (±14.34); CSS score, 3.55 (±3.80); BSFS score, 3.91 (±1.02); and FSSG score, 4.80 (±5.76). Correlation coefficients (P<0.05) for the BLI bile score were found for cholecystectomy (Rho=0.137) and aspirin use (Rho=0.118). In multiple regression analysis, independent predictors of the BLI bile score were cholecystectomy [standardized partial regression coefficient (β)=0.169, P=0.001] and the BSFS score (β=0.107, P=0.042). On the whole, the present study demonstrates that the duodenal bile area in BLI upper endoscopy is associated with cholecystectomy and fecal characteristics.
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October-2022
Volume 17 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 2049-9434
Online ISSN:2049-9442

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Spandidos Publications style
Abe D, Takeda T, Asaoka D, Iwano T, Uchida R, Utsunomiya H, Oki S, Suzuki N, Ikeda A, Yatagai N, Yatagai N, et al: Association between bile area in the duodenal bulb and abdominal symptoms: Quantitative analysis using blue laser imaging. Biomed Rep 17: 83, 2022
APA
Abe, D., Takeda, T., Asaoka, D., Iwano, T., Uchida, R., Utsunomiya, H. ... Nagahara, A. (2022). Association between bile area in the duodenal bulb and abdominal symptoms: Quantitative analysis using blue laser imaging. Biomedical Reports, 17, 83. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2022.1566
MLA
Abe, D., Takeda, T., Asaoka, D., Iwano, T., Uchida, R., Utsunomiya, H., Oki, S., Suzuki, N., Ikeda, A., Yatagai, N., Akazawa, Y., Matsumoto, K., Ueda, K., Ueyama, H., Hojo, M., Kojima, Y., Nakamura, S., Nojiri, S., Nagahara, A."Association between bile area in the duodenal bulb and abdominal symptoms: Quantitative analysis using blue laser imaging". Biomedical Reports 17.4 (2022): 83.
Chicago
Abe, D., Takeda, T., Asaoka, D., Iwano, T., Uchida, R., Utsunomiya, H., Oki, S., Suzuki, N., Ikeda, A., Yatagai, N., Akazawa, Y., Matsumoto, K., Ueda, K., Ueyama, H., Hojo, M., Kojima, Y., Nakamura, S., Nojiri, S., Nagahara, A."Association between bile area in the duodenal bulb and abdominal symptoms: Quantitative analysis using blue laser imaging". Biomedical Reports 17, no. 4 (2022): 83. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2022.1566