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Review Open Access

Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Emmanouil Rizos
    • Christos Theleritis
    • James N. Tsoporis
    • Demetrios A. Spandidos
    • Eleni Katsantoni
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Second Department of Psychiatry, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
    Copyright: © Rizos et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Article Number: 17
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    Published online on: November 21, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2025.2090
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Abstract

Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder that affects cognition, emotions and behaviour. Among the signaling pathways that show dysregulation in schizophrenia is the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. JAK/STAT is a pleiotropic pathway that plays key roles in multiple cellular functions. A brief overview of dysregulated signaling in schizophrenia is provided in the present review, focusing on the JAK/STAT pathway. Depending on the disease stage, dysregulation of signaling pathways causes inflammation, which is a key factor in the onset and maintenance of schizophrenia. The dysregulated JAK/STAT signaling pathway is implicated in schizophrenia through numerous processes, including neuro‑ and gliogenesis, synaptic plasticity and microglia activation. Research on JAK/STAT pathway components can contribute to knowledge that will be translated into efficient therapeutic management strategies to improve the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia.
View Figures

Figure 1

Dysregulation of JAK/STAT signaling
pathway and other cellular functions in schizophrenia. The
schematic diagram of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is shown in the
middle. The normal condition is depicted on the left, where no
dysregulation is observed in the JAK/STAT pathway, and the cellular
functions controlled by the JAK/STAT pathway (including
inflammation, immune regulation and response, hematopoiesis,
apoptosis, differentiation, proliferation, metabolic actions, cell
cycle, and transcriptional and epigenetic regulation) are in
homeostasis. In schizophrenia (on the right), upon dysregulation of
the JAK/STAT and other pathways, metabolic, transcriptional and
epigenetic dysregulation, chronic stress, depression,
neurodegeneration, neuronal dysfunction and apoptosis, synaptic
loss, inflammation and dysregulated ncRNAs are observed. JAK/STAT,
Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription;
ncRNA, non-coding RNAs. The figure was created using BioRender
(https://BioRender.com).
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Rizos E, Theleritis C, Tsoporis JN, Spandidos DA and Katsantoni E: Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review). Biomed Rep 24: 17, 2026.
APA
Rizos, E., Theleritis, C., Tsoporis, J.N., Spandidos, D.A., & Katsantoni, E. (2026). Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review). Biomedical Reports, 24, 17. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2025.2090
MLA
Rizos, E., Theleritis, C., Tsoporis, J. N., Spandidos, D. A., Katsantoni, E."Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review)". Biomedical Reports 24.1 (2026): 17.
Chicago
Rizos, E., Theleritis, C., Tsoporis, J. N., Spandidos, D. A., Katsantoni, E."Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review)". Biomedical Reports 24, no. 1 (2026): 17. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2025.2090
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Rizos E, Theleritis C, Tsoporis JN, Spandidos DA and Katsantoni E: Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review). Biomed Rep 24: 17, 2026.
APA
Rizos, E., Theleritis, C., Tsoporis, J.N., Spandidos, D.A., & Katsantoni, E. (2026). Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review). Biomedical Reports, 24, 17. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2025.2090
MLA
Rizos, E., Theleritis, C., Tsoporis, J. N., Spandidos, D. A., Katsantoni, E."Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review)". Biomedical Reports 24.1 (2026): 17.
Chicago
Rizos, E., Theleritis, C., Tsoporis, J. N., Spandidos, D. A., Katsantoni, E."Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in schizophrenia (Review)". Biomedical Reports 24, no. 1 (2026): 17. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2025.2090
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