|
1
|
United Nations Department of Economic and
Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects
2024: Summary of Results (UN DESA/POP/2024/TR/NO. 9), 2024.
https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Files/WPP2024_Summary-of-Results.pdf.
|
|
2
|
Aung TNN, Moolphate S, Koyanagi Y,
Angkurawaranon C, Supakankunti S, Yuasa M and Aung MN: Determinants
of health-related quality of life among community-dwelling Thai
older adults in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand. Risk Manag Healthc
Policy. 15:1761–1774. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
3
|
Mattisson L, Bojan A and Enocson A:
Epidemiology, treatment and mortality of trochanteric and
subtrochanteric hip fractures: Data from the Swedish fracture
register. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 19(369)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
4
|
Amarilla-Donoso FJ, Lopez-Espuela F,
Roncero-Martin R, Leal-Hernandez O, Puerto-Parejo LM, Aliaga-Vera
I, Toribio-Felipe R and Lavado-García JM: Quality of life in
elderly people after a hip fracture: A prospective study. Health
Qual Life Outcomes. 18(71)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
5
|
Sarode AL, Su E, Drost J, Evan M, Haselton
L and Blecker N: The economic burden of hip fractures in the
geriatric population by mental health illness and substance use
status: National estimates 2016 to 2020. Injury.
56(112615)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
6
|
Mori T, Komiyama J, Fujii T, Sanuki M,
Kume K, Kato G, Mori Y, Ueshima H, Matsui H, Tamiya N and Sugiyama
T: Medical expenditures for fragility hip fracture in Japan: A
study using the nationwide health insurance claims database. Arch
Osteoporos. 17(61)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
7
|
Cheung CL, Ang SB, Chadha M, Chow ES,
Chung YS, Hew FL, Jaisamrarn U, Ng H, Takeuchi Y, Wu CH, et al: An
updated hip fracture projection in Asia: The Asian federation of
osteoporosis societies study. Osteoporos Sarcopenia. 4:16–21.
2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
8
|
Charatcharoenwitthaya N, Nimitphong H,
Wattanachanya L, Songpatanasilp T, Ongphiphadhanakul B,
Deerochanawong C and Karaketklang K: Epidemiology of hip fractures
in Thailand. Osteoporos Int. 35:1661–1668. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
9
|
Dong Y, Zhang Y, Song K, Kang H, Ye D and
Li F: What was the epidemiology and global Burden of disease of hip
fractures from 1990 to 2019? results from and additional analysis
of the global Burden of disease study 2019. Clin Orthop Relat Res.
481:1209–1220. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
10
|
Amphansap T and Sujarekul P: Quality of
life and factors that affect osteoporotic hip fracture patients in
Thailand. Osteoporos Sarcopenia. 4:140–144. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
11
|
Sing CW, Lin TC, Bartholomew S, Bell JS,
Bennett C, Beyene K, Bosco-Lévy P, Chan AHY, Chandran M, Cheung CL,
et al: Global epidemiology of hip fractures: A study protocol using
a common analytical platform among multiple countries. BMJ Open.
11(e047258)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
12
|
Wongtriratanachai P, Luevitoonvechkij S,
Songpatanasilp T, Sribunditkul S, Leerapun T, Phadungkiat S and
Rojanasthien S: Increasing incidence of hip fracture in Chiang Mai,
Thailand. J Clin Densitom. 16:347–352. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
13
|
Dyer SM, Crotty M, Fairhall N, Magaziner
J, Beaupre LA, Cameron ID and Sherrington C: Fragility Fracture
Network (FFN) Rehabilitation Research Special Interest Group. A
critical review of the long-term disability outcomes following hip
fracture. BMC Geriatr. 16(158)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
14
|
Vochteloo AJ, Moerman S, Tuinebreijer WE,
Maier AB, de Vries MR, Bloem RM, Nelissen RG and Pilot P: More than
half of hip fracture patients do not regain mobility in the first
postoperative year. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 13:334–341.
2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
15
|
Adulkasem N, Chotiyarnwong P,
Vanitcharoenkul E and Unnanuntana A: Ambulation recovery prediction
after hip fracture surgery using the Hip fracture short-term
ambulation prediction tool. J Rehabil Med.
56(jrm40780)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
16
|
Kitcharanant N, Atthakomol P, Khorana J,
Phinyo P and Unnanuntana A: Prognostic factors for functional
recovery at 1-year following fragility hip fractures. Clin Orthop
Surg. 16:7–15. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
17
|
Hosoi T, Yakabe M, Matsumoto S, Fujimori
K, Tamaki J, Nakatoh S, Ishii S, Okimoto N, Kamiya K, Akishita M,
et al: Relationship between antidementia medication and fracture
prevention in patients with Alzheimer's dementia using a nationwide
health insurance claims database. Sci Rep. 13(6893)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
18
|
Downey C, Kelly M and Quinlan JF: Changing
trends in the mortality rate at 1-year post hip fracture-a
systematic review. World J Orthop. 10:166–175. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
19
|
Salpakoski A, Tormakangas T, Edgren J,
Sihvonen S, Pekkonen M, Heinonen A, Pesola M, Kallinen M, Rantanen
T and Sipilä S: Walking recovery after a hip fracture: A
prospective follow-up study among community-dwelling over 60-year
old men and women. Biomed Res Int. 2014(289549)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
20
|
Unnanuntana A, Kuptniratsaikul V,
Srinonprasert V, Charatcharoenwitthaya N, Kulachote N,
Papinwitchakul L, Wattanachanya L and Chotanaphuti T: A
multidisciplinary approach to post-operative fragility hip fracture
care in Thailand-a narrative review. Injury.
54(111039)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
21
|
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
Postoperative rehabilitation of low energy hip fractures in older
adults: Appropriate use criteria. Re-issued by the American Academy
of Orthopaedic Surgeons Board of Directors 2023 September 9, 2025.
Available from: https://www.aaos.org/globalassets/quality-and-practice-resources/hip-fractures-in-the-elderly/hip-fx-rehab-auc_reapproval.pdf.
|
|
22
|
National Institute for Health and Care
Excellence (NICE). Hip fracture: management (update): Economic
model report for total hip replacement versus hemiarthroplasty.
NICE guideline CG124.2023 September 9, 2025]. Available from:
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg124/evidence/economic-model-report-pdf-11317540285.
|
|
23
|
Tangchitphisut P, Khorana J, Phinyo P,
Patumanond J, Rojanasthien S and Apivatthakakul T: Prognostic
factors of the inability to bear self-weight at discharge in
patients with fragility femoral neck fracture: A 5-year
retrospective cohort study in Thailand. Int J Environ Res Public
Health. 19(3992)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
24
|
Kitcharanant N, Atthakomol P, Khorana J,
Phinyo P and Unnanuntana A: Predictive model of recovery to
prefracture activities-of-daily-living status one year after
fragility hip fracture. Medicina (Kaunas). 60(615)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
25
|
Ko Y: Pre- and perioperative risk factors
of post hip fracture surgery walking failure in the elderly.
Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil. 10(2151459319853463)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
26
|
Pajulammi HM, Pihlajamaki HK, Luukkaala TH
and Nuotio MS: Pre- and perioperative predictors of changes in
mobility and living arrangements after hip fracture-a
population-based study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 61:182–189.
2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27
|
Chanthanapodi P, Tammata N, Laoruengthana
A and Jarusriwanna A: Independent walking disability after
fragility hip fractures: A prognostic factors analysis. Geriatr
Orthop Surg Rehabil. 15(21514593241278963)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
28
|
Sheehan KJ, Guerrero EM, Tainter D, Dial
B, Milton-Cole R, Blair JA, Alexander J, Swamy P, Kuramoto L, Guy
P, et al: Prognostic factors of in-hospital complications after hip
fracture surgery: A scoping review. Osteoporos Int. 30:1339–1351.
2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
29
|
Eschbach D, Bliemel C, Oberkircher L,
Aigner R, Hack J, Bockmann B, Ruchholtz S and Buecking B: One-year
outcome of geriatric hip-fracture patients following prolonged ICU
treatment. Biomed Res Int. 2016(8431213)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
30
|
Cohn MR, Cong GT, Nwachukwu BU, Patt ML,
Desai P, Zambrana L and Lane JM: Factors associated with early
functional outcome after hip fracture surgery. Geriatr Orthop Surg
Rehabil. 7:3–8. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
31
|
World Health Organization. International
Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.
10 edition. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2016.
|
|
32
|
World Health Organization. International
Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification
(ICD-9-CM). National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD,
2011.
|
|
33
|
Carpintero P, Caeiro JR, Carpintero R,
Morales A, Silva S and Mesa M: Complications of hip fractures: A
review. World J Orthop. 5:402–411. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
34
|
Jo YY, Park CG, Lee JY, Kwon SK and Kwak
HJ: Prediction of early postoperative desaturation in extreme older
patients after spinal anesthesia for femur fracture surgery: A
retrospective analysis. Korean J Anesthesiol. 72:599–605.
2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
35
|
Cecchi F, Pancani S, Antonioli D, Avila L,
Barilli M, Gambini M, Landucci Pellegrini L, Romano E, Sarti C,
Zingoni M, et al: Predictors of recovering ambulation after hip
fracture inpatient rehabilitation. BMC Geriatr.
18(201)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
36
|
Gonzalez de Villaumbrosia C, Barba R,
Ojeda-Thies C, Grifol-Clar E, Alvarez-Diaz N, Alvarez-Espejo T,
Cancio-Trujillo JM, Mora-Fernández J, Pareja-Sierra T,
Barrera-Crispín R, et al: Predictive factors of gait recovery after
hip fracture: A scoping review. Age Ageing.
54(afaf057)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
37
|
Foss NB, Kristensen MT and Kehlet H:
Anaemia impedes functional mobility after hip fracture surgery. Age
Ageing. 37:173–178. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
38
|
Kim JL, Jung JS and Kim SJ: Prediction of
ambulatory status after hip fracture surgery in patients over 60
years old. Ann Rehabil Med. 40:666–674. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
39
|
Malik AT, Quatman-Yates C, Phieffer LS, Ly
TV, Khan SN and Quatman CE: Factors associated with inability to
bear weight following hip fracture surgery: An analysis of the
ACS-NSQIP Hip fracture procedure targeted database. Geriatr Orthop
Surg Rehabil. 10(2151459319837481)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
40
|
Xiang Z, Chen Z, Wang P, Zhang K, Liu F,
Zhang C, Wong TM, Li W and Leung F: The effect of early
mobilization on functional outcomes after hip surgery in the
Chinese population-A multicenter prospective cohort study. J Orthop
Surg (Hong Kong). 29(23094990211058902)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
41
|
Goubar A, Martin FC, Potter C, Jones GD,
Sackley C, Ayis S and Sheehan KJ: The 30-day survival and recovery
after hip fracture by timing of mobilization and dementia: A UK
database study. Bone Joint J. 103-B:1317–1324. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
42
|
Manosroi W, Koetsuk L, Phinyo P,
Danpanichkul P and Atthakomol P: Predictive model for prolonged
length of hospital stay in patients with osteoporotic femoral neck
fracture: A 5-year retrospective study. Front Med (Lausanne).
9(1106312)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
43
|
Vittinghoff E and McCulloch CE: Relaxing
the rule of ten events per variable in logistic and Cox regression.
Am J Epidemiol. 165:710–718. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
44
|
Peduzzi P, Concato J, Kemper E, Holford TR
and Feinstein AR: A simulation study of the number of events per
variable in logistic regression analysis. J Clin Epidemiol.
49:1373–1379. 1996.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
45
|
Sperandei S: Understanding logistic
regression analysis. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 24:12–18.
2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
46
|
Bursac Z, Gauss CH, Williams DK and Hosmer
DW: Purposeful selection of variables in logistic regression.
Source Code Biol Med. 3(17)2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
47
|
Chowdhury MZI and Turin TC: Variable
selection strategies and its importance in clinical prediction
modelling. Fam Med Community Health. 8(e000262)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
48
|
Munoz-Pichardo JM, Pino-Mejias R,
Garcia-Heras J, Ruiz-Munoz F and Luz Gonzalez-Regalado M: A
multivariate Poisson regression model for count data. J Appl Stat.
48:2525–2541. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
49
|
Charlson ME, Carrozzino D, Guidi J and
Patierno C: Charlson comorbidity index: A critical review of
clinimetric properties. Psychother Psychosom. 91:8–35.
2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
50
|
Kim JH: Multicollinearity and misleading
statistical results. Korean J Anesthesiol. 72:558–569.
2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
51
|
Tomaschek F, Hendrix P and Baayen RH:
Strategies for addressing collinearity in multivariate linguistic
data. J Phon. 71:249–267. 2018.
|
|
52
|
Andaloro S, Cacciatore S, Risoli A, Comodo
RM, Brancaccio V, Calvani R, Giusti S, Schlögl M, D'Angelo E,
Tosato M, et al: Hip fracture as a systemic disease in older
adults: A narrative review on multisystem implications and
management. Med Sci (Basel). 13(89)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
53
|
Hulsbæk S, Larsen RF and Troelsen A:
Predictors of not regaining basic mobility after hip fracture
surgery. Disabil Rehabil. 37:1739–1744. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
54
|
Gray R, Lacey K, Whitehouse C, Dance R and
Smith T: What factors affect early mobilisation following hip
fracture surgery: A scoping review. BMJ Open Qual. 12 (Suppl
2)(e002281)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
55
|
Magaziner J, Chiles N and Orwig D:
Recovery after Hip fracture: Interventions and their timing to
address deficits and desired outcomes-evidence from the baltimore
hip studies. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 83:71–81.
2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
56
|
Monkuntod K, Aree-Ue S and Roopsawang I:
Associated factors of functional ability in older persons
undergoing hip surgery immediately post-hospital discharge: A
prospective study. J Clin Med. 12(6258)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
57
|
Istianah U, Nurjannah I and Magetsari R:
Post-discharge complications in postoperative patients with hip
fracture. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 14:8–13. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
58
|
Elli S, Contro D, Castaldi S, Fornili M,
Ardoino I, Caserta AV and Panella L: Caregivers' misperception of
the severity of hip fractures. Patient Prefer Adherence.
12:1889–1895. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
59
|
Yoo JI, Lee YK, Koo KH, Park YJ and Ha YC:
Concerns for older adult patients with acute hip fracture. Yonsei
Med J. 59:1240–1244. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
60
|
Iosifidis M, Iliopoulos E, Panagiotou A,
Apostolidis K, Traios S and Giantsis G: Walking ability before and
after a hip fracture in elderly predict greater long-term
survivorship. J Orthop Sci. 21:48–52. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
61
|
Adulkasem N, Phinyo P, Khorana J,
Pruksakorn D and Apivatthakakul T: Prognostic factors of 1-year
postoperative functional outcomes of older patients with
intertrochanteric fractures in Thailand: A retrospective cohort
study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 18(6896)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
62
|
Kristensen MT: Factors affecting
functional prognosis of patients with hip fracture. Eur J Phys
Rehabil Med. 47:257–264. 2011.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
63
|
Handoll HH, Cameron ID, Mak JC, Panagoda
CE and Finnegan TP: Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for older
people with hip fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
11(CD007125)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
64
|
Ravi B, Pincus D, Choi S, Jenkinson R,
Wasserstein DN and Redelmeier DA: Association of duration of
surgery with postoperative delirium among patients receiving hip
fracture repair. JAMA Netw Open. 2(e190111)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
65
|
Tarrant SM, Attia J and Balogh ZJ: The
influence of weight-bearing status on post-operative mobility and
outcomes in geriatric hip fracture. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg.
48:4093–4103. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
66
|
Xu BY, Yan S, Low LL, Vasanwala FF and Low
SG: Predictors of poor functional outcomes and mortality in
patients with hip fracture: A systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet
Disord. 20(568)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
67
|
Wong RMY, Qin J, Chau WW, Tang N, Tso CY,
Wong HW, Chow SK, Leung KS and Cheung WH: Prognostic factors
related to ambulation deterioration after 1-year of geriatric hip
fracture in a Chinese population. Sci Rep. 11(14650)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|