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Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis

  • Authors:
    • Huifang Xu
    • Jing Weng
    • Quan Bao
    • Yuqiang Jiang
    • Cong Xiao
    • Liujun Chen
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, Lanxi People's Hospital, Lanxi, Zhejiang 321100, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Xu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 36
    |
    Published online on: January 20, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2109
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Abstract

Rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory condition that impacts both the nasal passages and the paranasal sinuses. Currently, there is no systematic or standardized treatment protocol for paediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The aim of the present study was to conduct a preliminary investigation of the role and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with CRS. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe histopathological changes. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick‑end labelling assay was used to assess apoptosis in the sinus mucosa. Both immunofluorescence and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay were performed to evaluate the expression levels of IFN‑γ, IL‑1α, TNF‑α, and IL‑10. Proteins associated with the p38/JNK/ERK signalling pathway were assessed using western blotting. The results revealed that ultrashort wave therapy significantly improved the histopathology of the sinus mucosa, particularly in maintaining the integrity of the ciliary structures. In addition, ultrashort wave therapy stimulated a notable decrease in apoptosis and inflammation in sinus mucosa samples. The phosphorylation levels of p38, JNK, and ERK were markedly inhibited in the sinus mucosa of mice with CRS subjected to ultrashort wave intervention. The findings of the present study elucidate a preliminary mechanism underlying the effects of ultrashort wave therapy on CRS progression. This suggests that ultrashort waves may be conducive to maintaining the integrity of the ciliary structures, inhibiting apoptosis, and reducing inflammation in the sinus mucosa. These effects are likely mediated through the inhibition of the p38/JNK/ERK signalling pathway.

View Figures

Figure 1

Ultrashort wave therapy improves
histopathology and inhibits apoptosis in sinus mucosal samples. (A)
Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed the pathological changes in
sinus mucosal samples. (B and C) Apoptosis in sinus mucosa across
different groups was assessed using TUNEL assay. Scale bars, 50 and
20 µm. **P<0.01 and ****P<0.0001. N=6.
CRS, chronic rhinosinusitis; ns, no significance.

Figure 2

Ultrashort wave therapy inhibits
inflammatory responses in the sinus mucosal samples of mice with
CRS. (A-E) Immunofluorescence was performed to assess the
expression levels of IFN-γ, IL-1α, TNF-α, and IL-10 in sinus
mucosal samples of mice with CRS. (F-I) The concentrations of
IFN-γ, IL-1α, TNF-α, and IL-10 in nasal lavage fluid of mice with
CRS were measured using ELISA. Scale bar, 100 µm.
*P<0.05, **P<0.01 and
***P<0.001. N=6. CRS, chronic rhinosinusitis; ns, no
significance.

Figure 3

Ultrashort wave therapy inhibits the
p-38/JNK/ERK pathway in mice with CRS. (A) The protein levels of
p38, p-p38, JNK, p-JNK, ERK and p-ERK in the sinus mucosal samples
of mice with CRS were determined using western blotting. (B) The
ratios of p-38/p38, p-JNK/JNK and p-ERK/ERK were assessed.
*P<0.05, **P<0.01 and
***P<0.001. N=6. CRS, chronic rhinosinusitis; ns, no
significance.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Xu H, Weng J, Bao Q, Jiang Y, Xiao C and Chen L: <p>Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis</p>. Biomed Rep 24: 36, 2026.
APA
Xu, H., Weng, J., Bao, Q., Jiang, Y., Xiao, C., & Chen, L. (2026). <p>Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis</p>. Biomedical Reports, 24, 36. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2109
MLA
Xu, H., Weng, J., Bao, Q., Jiang, Y., Xiao, C., Chen, L."<p>Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis</p>". Biomedical Reports 24.3 (2026): 36.
Chicago
Xu, H., Weng, J., Bao, Q., Jiang, Y., Xiao, C., Chen, L."<p>Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis</p>". Biomedical Reports 24, no. 3 (2026): 36. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2109
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Xu H, Weng J, Bao Q, Jiang Y, Xiao C and Chen L: <p>Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis</p>. Biomed Rep 24: 36, 2026.
APA
Xu, H., Weng, J., Bao, Q., Jiang, Y., Xiao, C., & Chen, L. (2026). <p>Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis</p>. Biomedical Reports, 24, 36. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2109
MLA
Xu, H., Weng, J., Bao, Q., Jiang, Y., Xiao, C., Chen, L."<p>Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis</p>". Biomedical Reports 24.3 (2026): 36.
Chicago
Xu, H., Weng, J., Bao, Q., Jiang, Y., Xiao, C., Chen, L."<p>Potential effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave therapy in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis</p>". Biomedical Reports 24, no. 3 (2026): 36. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2109
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