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Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis

  • Authors:
    • Yvfen Jiang
    • Qilai Cheng
    • Yuan Xie
    • Xiongying Huang
    • Yi Yv
    • Yingchen Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Post‑Graduate School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Educational Ministry, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China, Department of Neurology, Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Jiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 41
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    Published online on: January 28, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2114
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Abstract

Cerebral infarction is one of the leading causes of death in adults, impairing patients' quality of life and imposing a heavy burden on families. With current therapeutic approaches, functional recovery after cerebral infarction remains suboptimal. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their broad availability, low immunogenicity, and multipotent differentiation potential, have promise in the treatment of ischemic cerebral infarction. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of cerebral infarction. VIP Information, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were systematically searched up to October 2024 using the search terms ‘mesenchymal stem cells’, ‘cerebral infarction’, and ‘randomized controlled trials’, which yielded 19 randomized controlled trials for meta-analysis. The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of cerebral infarction was better than that of conventional treatment, and mesenchymal stem cell therapy decreased the neurological deficit score (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) and improved the motor function score (Fugl‑Meyer Assessment) and functional independence score (Functional Independence Measure, FIM). Mesenchymal stem cells have a high safety profile in the treatment of patients with cerebral infarction. Most of the adverse effects reported were fever and headache, which resolved spontaneously or following treatment. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were more effective than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. There was no significant difference between transplantation methods. This may be due to the small number of included studies.

View Figures

Figure 1

Literature screening process.

Figure 2

Bias risk diagram of 19 randomized
controlled trials. (A) Risk of bias graph and (B) Risk of bias
summary.

Figure 3

Forest plot of National Institutes of
Health Stroke Scale score. df, degrees of freedom.

Figure 4

Forest plot of Fugl-Meyer Assessment
score. df, degrees of freedom.

Figure 5

Forest plot of Functional
Independence Measure score. df, degrees of freedom.

Figure 6

Subgroup analysis by National
Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score. df, degrees of freedom.
BMSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; UBMSC, umbilical cord
blood mesenchymal stem cell.

Figure 7

National Institutes of Health Stroke
Scale) score subgroup analysis by transplantation modality. df,
degrees of freedom.

Figure 8

National Institutes of Health Stroke
Scale) score subgroup analysis by follow-up time. df, degrees of
freedom.

Figure 9

Funnel plot of National Institutes of
Health Stroke Scale score.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Jiang Y, Cheng Q, Xie Y, Huang X, Yv Y and Li Y: <p>Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis</p>. Biomed Rep 24: 41, 2026.
APA
Jiang, Y., Cheng, Q., Xie, Y., Huang, X., Yv, Y., & Li, Y. (2026). <p>Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis</p>. Biomedical Reports, 24, 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2114
MLA
Jiang, Y., Cheng, Q., Xie, Y., Huang, X., Yv, Y., Li, Y."<p>Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis</p>". Biomedical Reports 24.4 (2026): 41.
Chicago
Jiang, Y., Cheng, Q., Xie, Y., Huang, X., Yv, Y., Li, Y."<p>Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis</p>". Biomedical Reports 24, no. 4 (2026): 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2114
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Jiang Y, Cheng Q, Xie Y, Huang X, Yv Y and Li Y: <p>Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis</p>. Biomed Rep 24: 41, 2026.
APA
Jiang, Y., Cheng, Q., Xie, Y., Huang, X., Yv, Y., & Li, Y. (2026). <p>Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis</p>. Biomedical Reports, 24, 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2114
MLA
Jiang, Y., Cheng, Q., Xie, Y., Huang, X., Yv, Y., Li, Y."<p>Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis</p>". Biomedical Reports 24.4 (2026): 41.
Chicago
Jiang, Y., Cheng, Q., Xie, Y., Huang, X., Yv, Y., Li, Y."<p>Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral infarction: A meta‑analysis</p>". Biomedical Reports 24, no. 4 (2026): 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2114
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