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Prophylactic effects of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms on the development of colitis in mice

  • Authors:
    • Yutaka Kawano
    • Dai Tsuchida
    • Hiromichi Furutaka
    • Yasushi Sato
    • Syed Taufiqul Islam
    • Yusuke Takahashi
    • Katsuji Marukawa
    • Yoshihito Kurashige
    • Masato Saitoh
    • Toru Mizoguchi
    • Hideo Takekoshi
    • Hidekatsu Takeda
    • Maki Tanaka
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8543, Japan, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061‑0293, Japan, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Hokkaido 002‑8072, Japan, Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770‑0042, Japan, Center for Cancer Research, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061‑0293, Japan, Department of Production and Development, Sun Chlorella Co., Ltd., Kyoto 600‑8177, Japan, Department of Physical Therapy, Sapporo Medical University, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8556, Japan
    Copyright: © Kawano et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 70
    |
    Published online on: April 8, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2143
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Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC), comprises chronic relapsing inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the acute dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‑induced murine colitis model does not reproduce chronic human IBD, it reflects acute colonic epithelial injury and superficial mucosal inflammation, which are more characteristic of UC than of Crohn's disease. Therefore, the present study investigated whether the root extract of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (ASH) exerts a prophylactic effect in an acute DSS‑induced experimental colitis model in mice. Mice were fed a chow diet containing 5% ASH for 28 days, followed by water containing 3% DSS for 7 days to induce acute colitis. After DSS administration, mice fed the ASH diet exhibited significant inhibition of colon shortening and a reduction in clinical disease severity compared with the control group. Furthermore, the elevated levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in the serum were mitigated. Mechanistically, ASH pretreatment was associated with reduced NADPH oxidase 2 expression, relative restoration of nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 expression and increased Cu/Zn‑superoxide dismutase expression in the colon. These findings suggested that ASH pretreatment attenuated acute DSS‑induced experimental colitis by alleviating mucosal inflammation and restoring redox homeostasis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Experimental design of dietary
treatment and DSS-induced colitis. DSS, dextran sulfate sodium; ASH
diet, chow diet supplemented with 5% Acanthopanax senticosus
Harms.

Figure 2

Changes in body weight. (A) Body
weight of mice fed with either chow diet alone or chow diet
supplemented with 5% ASH for 28 days (day 0-28). (B) Body weight of
mice administered either H2O or 3% (w/v) DSS in water
for 7 consecutive days (day 28-35). One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post
hoc test were used to analyze statistical significance. Results are
presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=7).
**P<0.01 vs. chow-DSS. DSS, dextran sulfate sodium;
ASH, Acanthopanax senticosus Harms.

Figure 3

ASH diet attenuates DSS-induced
intestinal inflammation in mice. (A) Representative macroscopic
appearance of mice colons from each experimental group. (B) Colon
length in each group of mice. (C) Representative feces from each
group of mice. (D) DAI score of each group of mice during DSS
treatment. **P<0.01 vs. chow-DSS. DSS, dextran
sulfate sodium; ASH, Acanthopanax senticosus Harms; DAI,
disease activity index.

Figure 4

ASH diet induces histopathological
improvement of DSS-induced colitis. Paraffin sections of the colon
tissue were stained with H&E and observed under a microscope.
Scale bar, 100 µm. DSS, dextran sulfate sodium; ASH,
Acanthopanax senticosus Harms.

Figure 5

ASH diet decreases inflammatory
cytokine production and oxidative stress. Measurement of cytokines
in mouse sera: (A) IL-1α, (B) IL-6, (C) IL-12 p40, (D) IL-12 p70,
(E) G-CSF, (F) MCP-1 and (G) TNF-α. The degree of oxidation and
antioxidant defense capacity: (H) dROMs and (I) BAP (n=7). All
units (y-axis), except for dROMs and BAP, are pg/ml.
*P<0.05 vs. chow-DSS. **P<0.01 vs.
chow-DSS. DSS, dextran sulfate sodium; ASH, Acanthopanax
senticosus Harms; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor;
MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; dROMs, diacron-reactive
oxygen metabolites; BAP, biological antioxidant potential.

Figure 6

Effect of 5% ASH diet on oxidative
stress-related factors in colonic tissue of mice. (A)
Representative immunohistochemical staining for NOX2 protein in
inflamed colorectal tissues of mice. Scale bar, 100 µm. (B)
Immunoreactivity score of NOX2 protein expression. mRNA expression
levels of (C) NOX2, (D) Nrf2 and (E) Cu/Zn-SOD in mouse colons. The
GAPDH gene was used as an internal control. *P<0.05
vs. chow-DSS. **P<0.01 vs. chow-DSS. DSS, dextran
sulfate sodium; ASH, Acanthopanax senticosus Harms; NOX2,
NADPH oxidase 2; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2;
Cu/Zn-SOD, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Kawano Y, Tsuchida D, Furutaka H, Sato Y, Islam ST, Takahashi Y, Marukawa K, Kurashige Y, Saitoh M, Mizoguchi T, Mizoguchi T, et al: Prophylactic effects of <em>Acanthopanax senticosus</em> Harms on the development of colitis in mice. Biomed Rep 24: 70, 2026.
APA
Kawano, Y., Tsuchida, D., Furutaka, H., Sato, Y., Islam, S.T., Takahashi, Y. ... Tanaka, M. (2026). Prophylactic effects of <em>Acanthopanax senticosus</em> Harms on the development of colitis in mice. Biomedical Reports, 24, 70. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2143
MLA
Kawano, Y., Tsuchida, D., Furutaka, H., Sato, Y., Islam, S. T., Takahashi, Y., Marukawa, K., Kurashige, Y., Saitoh, M., Mizoguchi, T., Takekoshi, H., Takeda, H., Tanaka, M."Prophylactic effects of <em>Acanthopanax senticosus</em> Harms on the development of colitis in mice". Biomedical Reports 24.6 (2026): 70.
Chicago
Kawano, Y., Tsuchida, D., Furutaka, H., Sato, Y., Islam, S. T., Takahashi, Y., Marukawa, K., Kurashige, Y., Saitoh, M., Mizoguchi, T., Takekoshi, H., Takeda, H., Tanaka, M."Prophylactic effects of <em>Acanthopanax senticosus</em> Harms on the development of colitis in mice". Biomedical Reports 24, no. 6 (2026): 70. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2143
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Kawano Y, Tsuchida D, Furutaka H, Sato Y, Islam ST, Takahashi Y, Marukawa K, Kurashige Y, Saitoh M, Mizoguchi T, Mizoguchi T, et al: Prophylactic effects of <em>Acanthopanax senticosus</em> Harms on the development of colitis in mice. Biomed Rep 24: 70, 2026.
APA
Kawano, Y., Tsuchida, D., Furutaka, H., Sato, Y., Islam, S.T., Takahashi, Y. ... Tanaka, M. (2026). Prophylactic effects of <em>Acanthopanax senticosus</em> Harms on the development of colitis in mice. Biomedical Reports, 24, 70. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2143
MLA
Kawano, Y., Tsuchida, D., Furutaka, H., Sato, Y., Islam, S. T., Takahashi, Y., Marukawa, K., Kurashige, Y., Saitoh, M., Mizoguchi, T., Takekoshi, H., Takeda, H., Tanaka, M."Prophylactic effects of <em>Acanthopanax senticosus</em> Harms on the development of colitis in mice". Biomedical Reports 24.6 (2026): 70.
Chicago
Kawano, Y., Tsuchida, D., Furutaka, H., Sato, Y., Islam, S. T., Takahashi, Y., Marukawa, K., Kurashige, Y., Saitoh, M., Mizoguchi, T., Takekoshi, H., Takeda, H., Tanaka, M."Prophylactic effects of <em>Acanthopanax senticosus</em> Harms on the development of colitis in mice". Biomedical Reports 24, no. 6 (2026): 70. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2026.2143
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