Evaluation of the clinical staging of esophageal cancer by using diffusion-weighted imaging

Aoyagi,Tomoyoshi; Shuto,Kiyohiko; Okazumi,Shinichi; Shimada,Hideaki; Nabeya,Yoshihiro; Kazama,Toshiki; Matsubara,Hisahiro

doi:10.3892/etm.2010.112

Evaluation of the clinical staging of esophageal cancer by using diffusion-weighted imaging

Authors:
- Tomoyoshi Aoyagi
- Kiyohiko Shuto
- Shinichi Okazumi
- Hideaki Shimada
- Yoshihiro Nabeya
- Toshiki Kazama
- Hisahiro Matsubara
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Affiliations: Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan, Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
Published online on: July 12, 2010 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2010.112
Pages: 847-851

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the clinical staging of esophageal cancer. The ADC of the tumors was compared to the standardized uptake value (SUV) of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). A total of 123 consecutive patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer were enrolled. DW images were obtained using a 1.5T whole-body scanner equipped with a phased-array body coil. A single shot spin-echo type of echo-planar sequence that provided diffusion weighting in the direction of the slice selection was used to obtain DW images. There was a negative correlation between the ADC value of the tumors and tumor diameter. A negative correlation was also found between the ADC value/SUV of the FDG-PET and serum levels of the tumor markers squamous cell carcinoma antigen and CYFRA. The ADC value was significantly correlated with clinical T and N stages. The ADC values of advanced-stage tumors were significantly lower than those of early-stage tumors. The ADC value of esophageal cancer decreased as the clinical stage advanced, and was correlated with the clinical findings. This non-invasive modality may be a valid clinical imaging method for the staging of esophageal cancer.

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