High Dickkopf-1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma

Shen,Cheng-Huang; Hsieh,Hsiao-Yen; Wang,Yuan-Hung; Chen,Syue-Yi; Tung,Chun-Liang; Wu,Jiann-Der; Lin,Chang-Te; Chan,Michael   W.-Y.; Hsu,Cheng-Da; Chang,Deching

doi:10.3892/etm.2010.134

High Dickkopf-1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma

Authors:
- Cheng-Huang Shen
- Hsiao-Yen Hsieh
- Yuan-Hung Wang
- Syue-Yi Chen
- Chun-Liang Tung
- Jiann-Der Wu
- Chang-Te Lin
- Michael W.-Y. Chan
- Cheng-Da Hsu
- Deching Chang
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Affiliations: Department of Medical Research, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Medical Research, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C., School of Public Health and Center of Excellence for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Pathology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Urology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C., Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Published online on: July 21, 2010 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2010.134
Pages: 893-898

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Abstract

Although Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) has been demonstrated to be associated with tumorigenesis in various types of human tumors, a correlation between DKK1 and urothelial carcinoma (UC) has not been reported. In the present study, the correlation between DKK1 expression and UC progression was investigated. Seventy-five UC patients were enrolled. The expression of DKK1 in serum and UC tissue was detected by ELISA, real-time PCR and Western blotting. Prognostic significance was assessed by using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and log-rank tests. The results showed that serum levels of DKK1 were significantly higher in the UC patients with muscle-invasive (p=0.0001) and high-grade tumors (p=0.00001) as compared to the controls. A high-serum DKK1 was also associated with poor disease-free survival in the UC patients (hazard ratio=2.44; 95% CI 1.10-5.40; p=0.028). Furthermore, DKK1 was also overexpressed in 93% (41/44) of the UC tissues. Therefore, the findings indicate that the expression of DKK1 is associated with UC progression.

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