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Article

A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion

  • Authors:
    • Wei Wen
    • Chuanbing Shi
    • Yan Shi
    • Guozhong Ji
    • Ping Wu
    • Zhining Fan
    • Faming Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, P.R. China
  • Pages: 419-424
    |
    Published online on: June 29, 2012
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2012.626
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Abstract

Normal saline is the most popular agent used during endoscopic submucosal injection. However, endoscopists have never identified an optimal submucosal injection solution, which is not only safe and cost-effective but has a unique lifting ability with endoscopic submucosal cushion and causes less tissue damage. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and microscopic characteristics of a blood solution, including whole blood and plasma solution, as a submucosal cushioning agent, compared with normal saline. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) procedures in pig stomachs were performed by injecting plasma solution (n=4) and normal saline (n=4). A total of 38 patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms underwent endoscopic musocal resection (EMR) procedures. Of 38 EMRs, 7 used whole blood injection, and 31 of 38 acting as the control group used normal saline. A tissue damage scoring system was developed based on injection-induced hydrops and tears for the evaluation of tissue damage. In animal experiments, the lifting time of the injection with normal saline in the pig colon was shorter than that of the group with plasma solution (18.25±5.44 min vs. 6.5±2.38 min, P=0.007). In animal experiments with ESD procedures in the stomach, the hydrops in the normal saline injection group were more extensive than those in the group with plasma (P=0.011). The degree of tearing in the group with normal saline was observed to be less than that in the group with plasma (P=0.008). In patients with EMR, using the histological scoring method, it was determined that the degree of hydrops in the group with normal saline injection was more extensive than that in the group with whole blood (P<0.001). The effective submucosal tearing in the group with normal saline was less than that in the group with blood (P<0.001). The blood solution, including whole blood and plasma solution, as a novel submucosal injection agent, may outperform normal saline with a unique lifting ability, less pronounced tissue damage and marked effective submucosal blunt dissection.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wen W, Shi C, Shi Y, Ji G, Wu P, Fan Z and Zhang F: A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion. Exp Ther Med 4: 419-424, 2012.
APA
Wen, W., Shi, C., Shi, Y., Ji, G., Wu, P., Fan, Z., & Zhang, F. (2012). A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 4, 419-424. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2012.626
MLA
Wen, W., Shi, C., Shi, Y., Ji, G., Wu, P., Fan, Z., Zhang, F."A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 4.3 (2012): 419-424.
Chicago
Wen, W., Shi, C., Shi, Y., Ji, G., Wu, P., Fan, Z., Zhang, F."A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 4, no. 3 (2012): 419-424. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2012.626
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wen W, Shi C, Shi Y, Ji G, Wu P, Fan Z and Zhang F: A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion. Exp Ther Med 4: 419-424, 2012.
APA
Wen, W., Shi, C., Shi, Y., Ji, G., Wu, P., Fan, Z., & Zhang, F. (2012). A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 4, 419-424. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2012.626
MLA
Wen, W., Shi, C., Shi, Y., Ji, G., Wu, P., Fan, Z., Zhang, F."A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 4.3 (2012): 419-424.
Chicago
Wen, W., Shi, C., Shi, Y., Ji, G., Wu, P., Fan, Z., Zhang, F."A pilot animal and clinical study of autologous blood solution compared with normal saline for use as an endoscopic submucosal cushion". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 4, no. 3 (2012): 419-424. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2012.626
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