Establishment of an animal model of vascular dementia

Wang,Hao

doi:10.3892/etm.2014.1926

Establishment of an animal model of vascular dementia

Authors:
- Hao Wang
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
Published online on: August 21, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.1926
Pages: 1599-1603

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The aim of this study was to establish a mouse model of vascular dementia (VaD) in order to overcome the shortcomings of rat models of VaD, which include high production costs, difficult surgery, surgical trauma and high mortality. In this study, repeated ischemia‑reperfusion of the total bilateral carotid artery in mice, combined with a reduction of blood pressure, was used to establish an animal model of VaD. A total of 40 Kunming mice (clean grade) were randomly divided into a sham group and a model group. Behavioral tests were performed for each group following the surgery, and the morphology of the hippocampus was analyzed. The results of the step‑down avoidance test, water maze test and microscopy examinations confirmed that following surgery, learning and memory dysfunction was significantly increased in the model group. The results of the morphological observations showed that the number of hippocampal CA1 neurons was significantly decreased in the model group compared with that in the sham surgery group (P<0.01). In the present study, a mouse model of VaD was successfully established, which was simple, effective and reliable, and may be used in the future to investigate VaD.

View Figures

View References

1	Kravitz E, Schmeidler J and Beeri MS: Cognitive decline and dementia in the oldest-old. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 3:e00262012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Blom K, Emmelot-Vonk MH and Koek HD: The influence of vascular risk factors on cognitive decline in patients with dementia: a systematic review. Maturitas. 76:113–117. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Honda Y, Meguro K, Meguro M and Akanuma K: Social withdrawal of persons with vascular dementia associated with disturbance of basic daily activities, apathy, and impaired social judgment. Care Manag J. 14:108–113. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Micanovic C and Pal S: The diagnostic utility of EEG in early-onset dementia: a systematic review of the literature with narrative analysis. J Neural Transm. 121:59–69. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Du J, Ma M, Zhao Q, et al: Mitochondrial bioenergetic deficits in the hippocampi of rats with chronic ischemia-induced vascular dementia. Neuroscience. 231:345–352. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar
6	Langdon KD, Granter-Button S, Harley CW, Moody-Corbett F, Peeling J and Corbett D: Cognitive rehabilitation reduces cognitive impairment and normalizes hippocampal CA1 architecture in a rat model of vascular dementia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 33:872–879. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Kirino T: Delayed neuronal death in the gerbil hippocampus following ischemia. Brain Res. 239:57–69. 1982. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Kitamura A, Fujita Y, Oishi N, et al: Selective white matter abnormalities in a novel rat model of vascular dementia. Neurobiol Aging. 33:e25–e35. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Stasiak A, Mussur M, Unzeta M, Samadi A, Marco-Contelles JL and Fogel WA: Effects of novel monoamine oxidases and cholinesterases targeting compounds on brain neurotransmitters and behavior in rat model of vascular dementia. Curr Pharm Des. 20:161–171. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Hainsworth AH, Brittain JF and Khatun H: Pre-clinical models of human cerebral small vessel disease: utility for clinical application. J Neurol Sci. 322:237–240. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Lee JC, Ahn JH, Lee DH, et al: Neuronal damage and gliosis in the somatosensory cortex induced by various durations of transient cerebral ischemia in gerbils. Brain Res. 1510:78–88. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Li J, Sasaki H, Fujiwara H, Kato H, Kaneko K, Yamazaki Y and Fujii S: Synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 neurons and learning behavior in transient ischemia-loaded gerbils. Biomed Res. 34:75–85. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Nam HG, Kim W, Yoo DY, et al: Chronological changes and effects of AMP-activated kinase in the hippocampal CA1 region after transient forebrain ischemia in gerbils. Neurol Res. 35:395–405. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Steinberg GR, Gelb AW, Lam AM, et al: Correlation between somatosensory evoked potentials and neuronal ischemic changes following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke. 17:1193–1197. 1986. View Article : Google Scholar
15	Crowe SE, Kantevari S and Ellis-Davies GC: Photochemically initiated intracellular astrocytic calcium waves in living mice using two-photon uncaging of IP(3). ACS Chem Neurosci. 1:575–585. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Jiwa NS, Garrard P and Hainsworth AH: Experimental models of vascular dementia and vascular cognitive impairment: a systematic review. J Neurochem. 115:814–828. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Weinstock M and Shoham S: Rat models of dementia based on reductions in regional glucose metabolism, cerebral blood flow and cytochrome oxidase activity. J Neural Transm. 111:347–366. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Breunig JJ, Guillot-Sestier MV and Town T: Brain injury, neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci. 5:262013.
19	Li WZ, Wu WY, Huang H, Wu YY and Yin YY: Protective effect of bilobalide on learning and memory impairment in rats with vascular dementia. Mol Med Rep. 8:935–941. 2013.PubMed/NCBI