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Article

A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities

  • Authors:
    • Hongqi Zhang
    • Ge Chu
    • Chao Pan
    • Jianzhong Hu
    • Chaofeng  Guo
    • Jinyang Liu
    • Yuxiang Wang
    • Jianhuang Wu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Spinal Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1835-1840
    |
    Published online on: October 15, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2021
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Abstract

This study aimed to determine whether a novel nutrient mixture (NM), composed of lysine, ascorbic acid, proline, green tea extracts and other micronutrients, attenuates impairments induced by spinal cord injury (SCI) and to investigate the related molecular mechanisms. A mouse model of SCI was established. Thirty-two mice were divided into four groups. The sham group received vehicle only. The SCI groups were treated orally with saline (saline group), a low dose (500 µg 3 times/day) of NM (NM-LD group) or a high dose (2,000 µg 3 times/day) of NM (NM-HD group). The levels of mouse hindlimb movement were determined every day in the first week post-surgery. The protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were determined by western blotting. Wild-type and mutant MMP-2- and MMP-9-directed luciferase constructs were generated and their luciferase activities were determined. NM significantly facilitated the recovery of hindlimb movement of the mice in comparison to that in the saline group. The expression levels of MMP-2 in the NM-LD and NM-HD groups were decreased by ~50% compared with the saline group as indicated by western blotting results. The expression levels of MMP-9 in the NM-LD and NM-HD groups were decreased to ~25 and ~10%, respectively. These results suggest that NM significantly inhibits the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction results indicated that NM reduced the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA. Furthermore, the luciferase results indicated that site‑directed mutagenesis comprising a -1306 C to T (C/T) base change in the MMP-2 promoter and a -1562 C/T base change in the MMP-9 promoter abolished the inhibitory effects of NM on MMP-2 and MMP-9 promoters. These results suggest that NM attenuates SCI-induced impairments in mice movement by negatively affecting the promoter activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes and thus decreasing the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang H, Chu G, Pan C, Hu J, Guo C, Liu J, Wang Y and Wu J: A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities. Exp Ther Med 8: 1835-1840, 2014.
APA
Zhang, H., Chu, G., Pan, C., Hu, J., Guo, C., Liu, J. ... Wu, J. (2014). A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 8, 1835-1840. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2021
MLA
Zhang, H., Chu, G., Pan, C., Hu, J., Guo, C., Liu, J., Wang, Y., Wu, J."A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 8.6 (2014): 1835-1840.
Chicago
Zhang, H., Chu, G., Pan, C., Hu, J., Guo, C., Liu, J., Wang, Y., Wu, J."A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 8, no. 6 (2014): 1835-1840. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2021
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang H, Chu G, Pan C, Hu J, Guo C, Liu J, Wang Y and Wu J: A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities. Exp Ther Med 8: 1835-1840, 2014.
APA
Zhang, H., Chu, G., Pan, C., Hu, J., Guo, C., Liu, J. ... Wu, J. (2014). A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 8, 1835-1840. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2021
MLA
Zhang, H., Chu, G., Pan, C., Hu, J., Guo, C., Liu, J., Wang, Y., Wu, J."A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 8.6 (2014): 1835-1840.
Chicago
Zhang, H., Chu, G., Pan, C., Hu, J., Guo, C., Liu, J., Wang, Y., Wu, J."A nutrient mixture reduces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in an animal model of spinal cord injury by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter activities". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 8, no. 6 (2014): 1835-1840. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.2021
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