Research into europium complexes as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (Review)

Han,Guocan; Deng,Yangwei; Sun,Jihong; Ling,Jun; Shen,Zhiquan

doi:10.3892/etm.2015.2297

May-2015 Volume 9 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

May-2015 Volume 9 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Review

Research into europium complexes as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (Review)

Authors:
- Guocan Han
- Yangwei Deng
- Jihong Sun
- Jun Ling
- Zhiquan Shen
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P.R. China
Pages: 1561-1566
|
Published online on: February 17, 2015

https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2297
Expand metrics +

Abstract

Europium (Eu) is a paramagnetic lanthanide element that possesses an outstanding luminescent property. Eu complexes are ideal fluorescence imaging (FI) agents. Eu2+ has satisfactory relaxivity and optical properties, and can realize magnetic resonance (MRI)‑FI dual imaging applications when used with appropriate cryptands that render it oxidatively stable. By contrast, based on the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) mechanism, Eu3+ complexes can provide enhanced MRI sensitivity when used with optimal cryptands, incorporated into polymeric CEST agents or blended with Gd3+. Eu complexes are promising in MRI‑FI dual imaging applications and have a bright future.

View Figures

View References

1	Dorweiler JD, Nemykin VN, Ley AN, Pike RD and Berry SM: Structural and NMR characterization of Sm(III), Eu(III) and Yb(III) complexes of an amide based polydentate ligand exhibiting paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer abilities. Inorg Chem. 48:9365–9376. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Wang LY, Chen QY and Wei B: MRI contrast agent for the diagnosis of tumor. Hua Xue Jin Zhan. 22:186–193. 2010.[(In Chinese)].
3	Liu Y and Zhang N: Gadolinium loaded nanoparticles in theranostic magnetic resonance imaging. Biomaterials. 33:5363–5375. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Lee GH, Chang YM and Kim TJ: Blood-pool and targeting MRI contrast agents: From Gd-chelates to Gd-nanoparticles. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2012:1924–1933. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar
5	Xu W, Kattel K, Park JY, Chang Y, Kim TJ and Lee GH: Paramagnetic nanoparticle T1 and T2 MRI contrast agents. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 14:12687–12700. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Kattel K, Park JY, Xu W, et al: A facile synthesis, in vitro and in vivo MR studies of D-glucuronic acid-coated ultrasmall Ln₂O₃ (Ln = Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho and Er) nanoparticles as a new potential MRI contrast agent. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 3:3325–3334. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Pinho SL, Faneca H, Geraldes CF, Delville MH, Carlos LD and Rocha J: Lanthanide-DTPA grafted silica nanoparticles as bimodal-imaging contrast agents. Biomaterials. 33:925–935. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
8	Wang W, Zou M and Chen K: Novel Fe₃O₄@YPO₄: Re (Re = Tb, Eu) multifunctional magnetic-fluorescent hybrid spheres for biomedical applications. Chem Commun (Camb). 46:5100–5102. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Xi P, Cheng K, Sun X, Zeng Z and Sun S: Magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles coupled with a fluorescent Eu complex for dual imaging applications. Chem Commun (Camb). 48:2952–2954. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Garcia J and Allen MJ: Developments in the coordination chemistry of europium (II). Eur J Inorg Chem. 2012:4550–4563. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Kim JM, Jeong YK, Sohn Y and Kang JG: Synthesis and photophysical properties of an Eu(II)-complex/PS blend: Role of Ag nanoparticles in surface-enhanced luminescence. Langmuir. 28:9842–9848. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Seibig S, Tóth É and Merbach AE: Unexpected differences in the dynamics and in the nuclear and electronic relaxation properties of the isoelectronic [Eu^II(DTPA)(H₂O)]³- and [Gd^III(DTPA) (H²O)]²⁻ complexes (DTPA = diethylenetriaminepentaacetate). J Am Chem Soc. 122:5822–5830. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar
13	Burai L, Tóth É, Moreau G, Sour A, Scopelliti R and Merbach AE: Novel macrocyclic Eu^II complexes: Fast water exchange related to an extreme M-Owater distance. Chemistry. 9:1394–1404. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Burai L, Scopelliti R and Tóth É: Eu^II-cryptate with optimal water exchange and electronic relaxation: A synthon for potential pO² responsive macromolecular MRI contrast agents. Chem Commun (Camb). 20:2366–2367. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Gamage NDH, Mei YJ, Garcia J and Allen MJ: Oxidatively stable, aqueous europium(II) complexes through steric and electronic manipulation of cryptand coordination chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 49:8923–8925. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Garcia J, Kuda-Wedagedara AN and Allen MJ: Physical properties of Eu²⁺-containing cryptates as contrast agents for ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2012:2135–2140. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Wu Y, Zhou Y, Ouari O, et al: Polymeric PARACEST agents for enhancing MRI contrast sensitivity. J Am Chem Soc. 130:13854–13855. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Wu CM and Jin JY: Research progress of CEST agent in MR imaging. Guoji Yixue Fangshexue Zazhi. 32:475–477. 2009.[(In Chinese)].
19	Zhang S, Winter P, Wu K and Sherry AD: A novel europium(III)-based MRI contrast agent. J Am Chem Soc. 123:1517–1518. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Wu Y, Zhao P, Kiefer GE and Sherry AD: Multifunctional polymeric scaffolds for enhancement of PARACEST contrast sensitivity and performance: Effects of random copolymer variations. Macromolecules. 43:6616–6624. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Oncology

Molecular Medicine Reports

Oncology Reports

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Oncology Letters

Biomedical Reports

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

World Academy of Sciences Journal

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Epigenetics

Medicine International

Research into europium complexes as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (Review)

This article is mentioned in:

Abstract

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Related Articles