Primary pulmonary T-cell lymphoma mimicking pneumonia: A case report and literature review

Yang,Lingyi; Feng,Wei; Chen,Cheng; Zhang,Xiuqin; Zhu,Yehan; Lei,Wei; Huang,Jian‑An

doi:10.3892/etm.2016.3287

Primary pulmonary T-cell lymphoma mimicking pneumonia: A case report and literature review

Authors:
- Lingyi Yang
- Wei Feng
- Cheng Chen
- Xiuqin Zhang
- Yehan Zhu
- Wei Lei
- Jian‑An Huang
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Affiliations: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
Published online on: April 21, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3287
Pages: 365-368

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Abstract

Primary pulmonary T-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare neoplasm. The present study describes the case of an elderly male patient who was admitted to hospital with initial symptoms including a fever, coughing and dyspnea. A chest computed tomography scan detected pneumonia‑like features, including multiple variable nodules, ground‑glass opacities, patchy infiltration and subpleural consolidation, which progressed rapidly. No mediastinal or hilar adenopathy was noted. The patient was initially diagnosed with severe pneumonia; however, the patient developed severe respiratory failure and extensive progression in radiographic manifestation despite receiving a combination treatment of broad‑spectrum antibiotics and antifungal agents. Negative results were obtained for anti‑nuclear antibodies and anti‑neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody assays, which eliminated the possibility that the patient was affected by a connective tissue disease. A bronchoscopy with transbronchial lung biopsy was not performed on account of intolerance. A histological examination, which was performed using specimens obtained via video‑assisted thoracoscopic surgery, allowed the final diagnosis of T‑cell lymphoma to be confirmed. Unfortunately, the patient succumbed to respiratory failure and a probable thoracic hemorrhage prior to the initiation of chemotherapy.

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