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Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Jing Tian
    • Ling Niu
    • Xinjiang An
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Tian et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 4615-4619
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    Published online on: September 15, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5117
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Abstract

One of the common factors for the premature death in children is advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Most often cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the reason for mortality. The cardiovascular (CV) morbidity starts early in the disease process and renal transplanted children (CKD-T) are also at risk. The present review is focused on the current views of the cardiovascular risks during CKD in pediatric patients. Variable data sources for the latest literature collection were explored which mainly included PubMed and Google Scholar. The most important risk factors for subclinical CVD were a young age, elevated BMI and systolic blood pressure z-scores as well as a low GFR and present albuminuria. Increasing blood pressure and BMI over follow-up were also important cardiac risk factors longitudinally. The present review concludes that altered cardiac function and remodeling are a concurrent part of the CKD process, start early in the disease development, and persist after renal transplantation. The findings suggest that children with CKD or CKD-T are at high risk for future CVD where younger patients with elevated BMI and slightly increased blood pressures, as well as present albuminuria, are those at greatest risk, thus indicating targets for future interventions.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Tian J, Niu L and An X: Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review). Exp Ther Med 14: 4615-4619, 2017.
APA
Tian, J., Niu, L., & An, X. (2017). Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14, 4615-4619. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5117
MLA
Tian, J., Niu, L., An, X."Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14.5 (2017): 4615-4619.
Chicago
Tian, J., Niu, L., An, X."Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14, no. 5 (2017): 4615-4619. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5117
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Tian J, Niu L and An X: Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review). Exp Ther Med 14: 4615-4619, 2017.
APA
Tian, J., Niu, L., & An, X. (2017). Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14, 4615-4619. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5117
MLA
Tian, J., Niu, L., An, X."Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14.5 (2017): 4615-4619.
Chicago
Tian, J., Niu, L., An, X."Cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease pediatric patients (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14, no. 5 (2017): 4615-4619. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5117
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