Calcitonin gene‑related peptide has protective effect on brain injury induced by heat stroke in rats

Lu,Cheng‑Xiang; Qiu,Ting; Liu,Zhi‑Feng; Su,Lei; Cheng,Biao

doi:10.3892/etm.2017.5126

Calcitonin gene‑related peptide has protective effect on brain injury induced by heat stroke in rats

Authors:
- Cheng‑Xiang Lu
- Ting Qiu
- Zhi‑Feng Liu
- Lei Su
- Biao Cheng
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Affiliations: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China, Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China, Department of Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China, Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
Published online on: September 18, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5126
Pages: 4935-4941
Copyright: © Lu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Heat stroke often leads to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) with a neurological morbidity of 30%. Current studies suggested that pathophysiological responses to heat stroke may be due to a systemic inflammatory response syndrome and a series of peptidergic nerve reactions. The mechanisms underlying the high neurological morbidity in heat stroke have remained largely elusive. In recent years, calcitonin gene‑related peptide (CGRP) has been considered to have a positive role in central nervous system injury. The present study investigated the influence of CGRP on brain injury induced by heat stroke. A rat model of heat stroke was established in a pre‑warmed artificial climate chamber with a temperature of 35.5±0.5˚C and a relative humidity of 60±5%. The rectal core temperature (Tc) was monitored. Heat stress was halted at a Tc of no more than 41˚C A bolus injection of CGRP was administered to each rat in the HS+CGRP group and a bolus injection of CGRP8‑37 was administered to each rat in the HS+CGRP8‑37 group after heat stress. After 2 h, electroencephalograms were recorded and the pathological morphology of brain tissue as well as brain cell apoptosis and caspase‑3 protein levels in the brain were measured. The EEG of rats in the HS+CGRP group was characterized by a short‑ to long‑term α‑wave and low‑voltage β‑waves as well as a large amount of intermittent δ‑ and θ‑waves. Compared with the HS group, the θ‑wave decreased and the α‑wave increased significantly (P<0.05). Slight pathological damage of nerve cells appeared in the HS+CGRP group. Greater damage was observed in HS+CGRP8‑37 group with neural cell shrinkage, volume reduction, nuclear pyknosis, disappearance of part of the nuclear membrane and cell necrosis. In the HS+CGRP group, apoptotic cells and caspase‑3 protein in the brain were significantly decreased when compared with those in the HS group (P<0.05), while they were significantly increased in the HS+CGRP8‑37 group (P<0.05 vs. HS group). The results of the present study reflected that CGRP has a protective effect on early‑stage brain injury induced by heat stroke in rats.

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