Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
April-2018 Volume 15 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2018 Volume 15 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts

  • Authors:
    • Hao Liu
    • Li‑Kun Wei
    • Xiao‑Fei Jian
    • Jie Huang
    • Hui Zou
    • Shi‑Zhan Zhang
    • Guang‑Hua Yuan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China, Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China, Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430400, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 3715-3724
    |
    Published online on: February 26, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5894
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be easily isolated from the bone marrow, and possess multi‑lineage differentiation potential and various therapeutic applications. The differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts is a complex process that is regulated by multiple internal and external factors. In the present study, the differentiation of MSCs isolated from rabbit bone marrow into osteoblasts using different osteoblast inductive media in the presence of dexamethasone, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‑2), 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D3, transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), platelet lysate and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), respectively. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization, collagen type (Ct) I and osteocalcin activities, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), BMP‑2 and Ct II were measured during the differentiation process in MSCs treated with different inducers. Rabbit MSCs were successfully isolated and were observed to be predominantly circular in shape after culture for 24 h. Following subculture for 5 days, the cells demonstrated a spindle shape. ALP, Ct I and osteocalcin activities were higher in cells cultured in dexamethasone, BMP‑2 and TGFβ compared with the activities in control cells. Following differentiation, the dexamethasone, BMP‑2 and TGFβ groups demonstrated significantly enhanced mineralization of MSCs detected by Alizarin Red S staining. The mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF, BMP‑2 and Ct II were significantly increased in the same groups compared with the levels in the control group. In conclusion, rabbit MSCs were successfully isolated from bone marrow and differentiated into osteoblasts indicated by raised ALP, Ct I and osteocalcin activities, mineralization and expression of osteogenesis‑inducing genes and proteins. The present study revealed that dexamethasone, BMP‑2 and TGFβ have a positive effect on cell differentiation.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

View References

1 

Cai M, Shen R, Song L, Lu M, Wang J, Zhao S, Tang Y, Meng X, Li Z and He ZX: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) improve heart function in swine myocardial infarction model through paracrine effects. Sci Rep. 6:282502016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Baena RRY, Rizzo S, Graziano A and Lupi SM: Bone regeneration in implant dentistry: Role of mesenchymal stem cells. A Textbook of Advanced Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 3. Motamedi MHK (ed). InTech; London: pp. 269–291. 2016

3 

Gerstenfeld LC, Barnes GL, Shea CM and Einhorn TA: Osteogenic differentiation is selectively promoted by morphogenetic signals from chondrocytes and synergized by a nutrient rich growth environment. Connec Tissue Res. 44 Suppl 1:S85–S91. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Davidson D, Blanc A, Filion D, Wang H, Plut P, Pfeffer G, Buschmann MD and Henderson JE: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 18 signals through FGF receptor 3 to promote chondrogenesis. J Biol Chem. 280:20509–20515. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Janderová L, Mcneil M, Murrell AN, Mynatt RL and Smith SR: Human mesenchymal stem cells as an in vitro model for human adipogenesis. Obes Res. 11:65–74. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Studeny M, Marini FC, Champlin RE, Zompetta C, Fidler IJ and Andreeff M: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells as vehicles for interferon-beta delivery into tumors. Cancer Res. 62:3603–3608. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

7 

Potapova I, Plotnikov A, Lu Z, Danilo P Jr, Valiunas V, Qu J, Doronin S, Zuckerman J, Shlapakova IN, Gao J, et al: Human mesenchymal stem cells as a gene delivery system to create cardiac pacemakers. Circ Res. 94:952–959. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Zhang W, Zhang X, Ling J, Wei X and Jian Y: Osteo-/odontogenic differentiation of BMP2 and VEGF gene-co-transfected human stem cells from apical papilla. Mol Med Rep. 13:3747–3754. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Rui YF, Lui PP, Ni M, Chan LS, Lee YW and Chan KM: Mechanical loading increased BMP-2 expression which promoted osteogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells. J Orthop Res. 29:390–396. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Yamasaki A, Itabashi M, Sakai Y, Ito H, Ishiwari Y, Nagatsuka H and Nagai N: Expression of type I, type II, and type X collagen genes during altered endochondral ossification in the femoral epiphysis of osteosclerotic (oc/oc) mice. Calcif Tissue Int. 68:53–60. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Atmani H, Audrain C, Mercier L, Chappard D and Basle MF: Phenotypic effects of continuous or discontinuous treatment with dexamethasone and/or calcitriol on osteoblasts differentiated from rat bone marrow stromal cells. J Cell Biochem. 85:640–650. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Ahmad A and Shakoori AR: Isolation and differentiation of murine mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts in the presence and absence of Dexamethasone. Pak J Zool. 44:1417–1422. 2012.

13 

Kim S, Kang Y, Krueger CA, Sen M, Holcomb JB, Chen D, Wenke JC and Yang Y: Sequential delivery of BMP-2 and IGF-1 using a chitosan gel with gelatin microspheres enhances early osteoblastic differentiation. Acta Biomater. 8:1768–1777. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Song I, Kim BS, Kim CS and Im GI: Effects of BMP-2 and vitamin D 3, on the osteogenic differentiation of adipose stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 408:126–131. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Majumdar HK, Banks V, Peluso D and Morris EA: Isolation, characterization and chondrogenic potential of human bone marrow-derived stromal cells. J Cell Physiol. 185:98–106. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Marie PJ and Fromigué O: Osteogenic differentiation of human marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Regen Med. 1:539–548. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Zhou Y, Wu Y, Jiang X, Zhang X, Xia L, Lin K and Xu Y: The effect of Quercetin on the osteogenesic differentiation and angiogenic factor expression of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One. 10:e01296052015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Zeng Q, Li X, Beck G, Balian G and Shen FH: Growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) stimulates osteogenic differentiation and increases vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in fat-derived stromal cells in vitro. Bone. 40:374–381. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Ghilzon R, Mcculloch CA and Zohar R: Stromal mesenchymal progenitor cells. Leuk Lymphoma. 32:211–221. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Toquet J, Rohanizadeh R, Guicheux J, Couillaud S, Passuti N, Daculsi G and Heymann D: Osteogenic potential in vitro of human bone marrow cells cultured on macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic. J Biomed Mater Res. 44:98–108. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Society for Neuroscience. Policies on the use of animals and humans in research. Society for Neuroscience.

22 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Gao RT, Zhan LP, Meng C, Zhang N, Chang SM, Yao R and Li C: Homeobox B7 promotes the osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells by activating RUNX2 and transcript of BSP. Int J Clin Exp Med. 8:10459–10470. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Hu Y, Tang XX and He HY: Gene expression during induced differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts. Genet Mol Res. 12:6527–6534. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Nadri S and Soleimani M: Isolation murine mesenchymal stem cells by positive selection. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 43:276–82. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Van Vlasselaer P, Falla N, Snoeck H and Mathieu E: Characterization and purification of osteogenic cells from murine bone marrow by two-color cell sorting using anti-Sca-1 monoclonal antibody and wheat germ agglutinin. Blood. 84:753–763. 1994.PubMed/NCBI

27 

Modderman WE, Vrijheid-Lammers T, Löwik CW and Nijweide PJ: Removal of hematopoietic cells and macrophages from mouse bone marrow cultures: Isolation of fibroblastlike stromal cells. Exp Hematol. 22:194–201. 1994.PubMed/NCBI

28 

Hu H, Chen M, Dai G, Du G, Wang X, He J, Zhao Y, Han D, Cao Y, Zheng Y and Ding D: An Inhibitory Role of Osthole in Rat MSCs Osteogenic Differentiation and Proliferation via Wnt/β-Catenin and Erk1/2-MAPK Pathways. Cell Physiol Biochem. 38:2375–2388. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Yun HM, Park KR, Quang TH, Oh H, Hong JT, Kim YC and Kim EC: 2,4,5-Trimethoxyldalbergiquinol promotes osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization via the BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cell Death Dis. 6:e18192015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Walsh S, Jordan GR, Jefferiss C, Stewart K and Beresford JN: High concentrations of dexamethasone suppress the proliferation but not the differentiation or further maturation of human osteoblast precursors in vitro: Relevance to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 40:74–83. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Rui YF, Lin DU, Wang Y, Wang Y, Lui PP, Tang TT, Chan KM and Dai KR: Bone morphogenetic protein 2 promotes transforming growth factor β3-induced chondrogenesis of human osteoarthritic synovium-derived stem cells. Chin Med J (Engl). 123:3040–3048. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

32 

Sekiya I, Larson BL, Vuoristo JT, Reger RL and Prockop DJ: Comparison of effect of BMP-2, −4, and −6 on in vitro cartilage formation of human adult stem cells from bone marrow stroma. Cell Tissue Res. 320:269–276. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Kurth T, Hedbom E, Shintani N, Sugimoto M, Chen FH, Haspl M, Martinovic S and Hunziker EB: Chondrogenic potential of human synovial mesenchymal stem cells in alginate. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 15:1178–1189. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Barry F, Boynton RE, Liu B and Murphy JM: Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow: Differentiation-dependent gene expression of matrix components. Exp Cell Res. 268:189–200. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Lo YC, Chang YH, Wei BL, Huang YL and Chiou WF: Betulinic acid stimulates the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells: Involvement of BMP/Runx2 and β-catenin signals. J Agric Food Chem. 58:6643–6649. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Shirasawa S, Sekiya I, Sakaguchi Y, Yagishita K, Ichinose S and Muneta T: In vitro chondrogenesis of human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Optimal condition and comparison with bone marrow-derived cells. J Cell Biochem. 97:84–97. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Dai J and Rabie AB: VEGF: An essential mediator of both angiogenesis and endochondral ossification. J Dent Res. 86:937–950. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Peng H, Usas A, Olshanski A, Ho AM, Gearhart B, Cooper GM and Huard J: VEGF improves, whereas sFlt1 inhibits, BMP2-induced bone formation and bone healing through modulation of angiogenesis. J Bone Miner Res. 20:2017–2027. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu H, Wei LK, Jian XF, Huang J, Zou H, Zhang SZ and Yuan GH: Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts. Exp Ther Med 15: 3715-3724, 2018.
APA
Liu, H., Wei, L., Jian, X., Huang, J., Zou, H., Zhang, S., & Yuan, G. (2018). Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 3715-3724. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5894
MLA
Liu, H., Wei, L., Jian, X., Huang, J., Zou, H., Zhang, S., Yuan, G."Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.4 (2018): 3715-3724.
Chicago
Liu, H., Wei, L., Jian, X., Huang, J., Zou, H., Zhang, S., Yuan, G."Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 4 (2018): 3715-3724. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5894
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu H, Wei LK, Jian XF, Huang J, Zou H, Zhang SZ and Yuan GH: Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts. Exp Ther Med 15: 3715-3724, 2018.
APA
Liu, H., Wei, L., Jian, X., Huang, J., Zou, H., Zhang, S., & Yuan, G. (2018). Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 3715-3724. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5894
MLA
Liu, H., Wei, L., Jian, X., Huang, J., Zou, H., Zhang, S., Yuan, G."Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.4 (2018): 3715-3724.
Chicago
Liu, H., Wei, L., Jian, X., Huang, J., Zou, H., Zhang, S., Yuan, G."Isolation, culture and induced differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 4 (2018): 3715-3724. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5894
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team