Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
June-2018 Volume 15 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
June-2018 Volume 15 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon

  • Authors:
    • Shao‑Yong Xu
    • Yong‑Bin He
    • Song‑Yun Deng
    • Sheng‑Yao Liu
    • Lei Xu
    • Guo‑Xin Ni
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
  • Pages: 5377-5383
    |
    Published online on: April 20, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6084
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

It is understood that mechanical loading may affect tendon properties. However, how different mechanical loading conditions may affect tendons remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of treadmill running at various intensities on rat Achilles tendon. A total of 18 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Control (CON), medium‑intensity running (MIR), and high‑intensity running (HIR). Following 8 weeks of treadmill running protocols, all Achilles tendons were harvested for histological observation and gene expression analysis. Significant morphological changes were observed with regular and large diameter collagen fibrils in the MIR group, whereas irregular and small diameter collagen fibrils were observed in the HIR group. Collagen type I was significantly upregulated in the MIR group compared with the CON group, and downregulated in the HIR group compared with the CON or MIR groups (P<0.05). However, collagen type III was significantly upregulated in the HIR group in comparison with the CON or MIR groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of matrix metallopeptidase‑13 was significantly increased in the MIR and HIR groups compared with the CON group (P<0.05). The expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‑1 was increased in the MIR group compared with the CON group, but decreased in the HIR group compared with the CON and MIR groups (P<0.05). Additionally, decorin expression was significantly higher in the MIR group compared with the CON group, and significantly decreased in the HIR group compared with the CON or MIR groups (P<0.05). A converse pattern of changes in biglycan expression was identified among the three groups. Aggrecan expression was significantly higher in the HIR group compared with the CON or MIR groups (P<0.05). These findings indicated that moderate exercise may induce increased collagen synthesis and organize regular and large collagen fibers, thus benefiting the Achilles tendon. However, overuse during exercise may result in collagen degradation and disturbance, which predisposes individuals to injury.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Lin TW, Cardenas L and Soslowsky LJ: Biomechanics of tendon injury and repair. J Biomech. 37:865–877. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Heinemeier KM and Kjaer M: In vivo investigation of tendon responses to mechanical loading. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 11:115–123. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

3 

Juneja SC and Veillette C: Defects in tendon, ligament, and enthesis in response to genetic alterations in key proteoglycans and glycoproteins: A review. Arthritis. 2013:1548122013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Amiel D, Frank C, Harwood F, Fronek J and Akeson W: Tendons and ligaments: A morphological and biochemical comparison. J Orthop Res. 1:257–265. 1984. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Franchi M, Torricelli P, Giavaresi G and Fini M: Role of moderate exercising on Achilles tendon collagen crimping patterns and proteoglycans. Connect Tissue Res. 54:267–274. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Lui PP, Chan LS, Lee YW, Fu SC and Chan KM: Sustained expression of proteoglycans and collagen type III/type I ratio in a calcified tendinopathy model. Rheumatology (Oxford). 49:231–239. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Reese SP, Underwood CJ and Weiss JA: Effects of decorin proteoglycan on fibrillogenesis, ultrastructure, and mechanics of type I collagen gels. Matrix Biol. 32:414–423. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Rees SG, Flannery CR, Little CB, Hughes CE, Caterson B and Dent CM: Catabolism of aggrecan, decorin and biglycan in tendon. Biochem J. 350:181–188. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Wang JH: Mechanobiology of tendon. J Biomech. 39:1563–1582. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Wang JH, Thampatty BP, Lin JS and Im HJ: Mechanoregulation of gene expression in fibroblasts. Gene. 391:1–15. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Dalton S, Cawston TE, Riley GP, Bayley IJ and Hazleman BL: Human shoulder tendon biopsy samples in organ culture produce procollagenase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases. Ann Rheum Dis. 54:571–577. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Thampatty BP, Li H, Im HJ and Wang JH: EP4 receptor regulates collagen type-I, MMP-1, and MMP-3 gene expression in human tendon fibroblasts in response to IL-1 beta treatment. Gene. 386:154–161. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Tsai WC, Hsu CC, Chang HN, Lin YC, Lin MS and Pang JH: Ibuprofen upregulates expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1, −8, −9, and −13 without affecting expressions of types I and III collagen in tendon cells. J Orthop Res. 28:487–491. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

14 

Wisløff U, Helgerud J, Kemi OJ and Ellingsen O: Intensity-controlled treadmill running in rats: VO(2 max) and cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 280:H1301–H1310. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Brew K and Nagase H: The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs): An ancient family with structural and functional diversity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1803:55–71. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Firth EC: The response of bone, articular cartilage and tendon to exercise in the horse. J Anat. 208:513–526. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Magnusson SP, Hansen P and Kjaer M: Tendon properties in relation to muscular activity and physical training. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 13:211–223. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Jhingan S, Perry M, O'Driscoll G, Lewin C, Teatino R, Malliaras P, Maffulli N and Morrissey D: Thicker Achilles tendons are a risk factor to develop Achilles tendinopathy in elite professional soccer players. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 1:51–56. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

19 

Zhang J and Wang JH: The effects of mechanical loading on tendons-an in vivo and in vitro model study. PLoS One. 8:e717402013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Ni GX, Liu SY, Lei L, Li Z, Zhou YZ and Zhan LQ: Intensity-dependent effect of treadmill running on knee articular cartilage in a rat model. Biomed Res Int. 2013:1723922013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Norton AJ, Jordan S and Yeomans P: Brief, high-temperature heat denaturation (pressure cooking): A simple and effective method of antigen retrieval for routinely processed tissues. J pathol. 173:371–379. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Dunkman AA, Buckley MR, Mienaltowski MJ, Adams SM, Thomas SJ, Satchell L, Kumar A, Pathmanathan L, Beason DP, Iozzo RV, et al: The tendon injury response is influenced by decorin and biglycan. Ann Biomed Eng. 42:619–630. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Tan SC and Chan O: Achilles and patellar tendinopathy: Current understanding of pathophysiology and management. Disabil Rehabil. 30:1608–1615. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Fu SC, Wong YP, Cheuk YC, Lee KM and Chan KM: TGF-beta1 reverses the effects of matrix anchorage on the gene expression of decorin and procollagen type I in tendon fibroblasts. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 226–232. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Kalamajski S and Oldberg A: The role of small leucine-rich proteoglycans in collagen fibrillogenesis. Matrix Biol. 29:248–253. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Scott JE: Elasticity in extracellular matrix ‘shape modules’ of tendon, cartilage, etc. A sliding proteoglycan-filament model. J Physiol. 553:335–343. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Säämänen AM, Salminen HJ, Rantakokko AJ, Heinegård D and Vuorio EI: Murine fibromodulin: cDNA and genomic structure, and age-related expression and distribution in the knee joint. Biochem J. 355:577–585. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Smith MM, Sakurai G, Smith SM, Young AA, Melrose J, Stewart CM, Appleyard RC, Peterson JL, Gillies RM, Dart AJ, et al: Modulation of aggrecan and ADAMTS expression in ovine tendinopathy induced by altered strain. Arthritis Rheum. 58:1055–1066. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Xu SY, He YB, Deng SY, Liu SY, Xu L and Ni GX: Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon. Exp Ther Med 15: 5377-5383, 2018.
APA
Xu, S., He, Y., Deng, S., Liu, S., Xu, L., & Ni, G. (2018). Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 5377-5383. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6084
MLA
Xu, S., He, Y., Deng, S., Liu, S., Xu, L., Ni, G."Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.6 (2018): 5377-5383.
Chicago
Xu, S., He, Y., Deng, S., Liu, S., Xu, L., Ni, G."Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 6 (2018): 5377-5383. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6084
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Xu SY, He YB, Deng SY, Liu SY, Xu L and Ni GX: Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon. Exp Ther Med 15: 5377-5383, 2018.
APA
Xu, S., He, Y., Deng, S., Liu, S., Xu, L., & Ni, G. (2018). Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 5377-5383. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6084
MLA
Xu, S., He, Y., Deng, S., Liu, S., Xu, L., Ni, G."Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.6 (2018): 5377-5383.
Chicago
Xu, S., He, Y., Deng, S., Liu, S., Xu, L., Ni, G."Intensity‑dependent effect of treadmill running on rat Achilles tendon". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 6 (2018): 5377-5383. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6084
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team