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Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis

  • Authors:
    • Juris Lurins
    • Dace Lurina
    • Simons Svirskis
    • Zaiga Nora‑Krukle
    • Peteris Tretjakovs
    • Vitolds Mackevics
    • Aivars Lejnieks
    • Venerando Rapisarda
    • Vincenzo Baylon
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV 1007, Latvia, Latvian Maritime Medicine Centre, Riga, LV 1007, Latvia, A. Kirchenstein Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV 1007, Latvia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV 1007, Latvia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Occupational Medicine, University Hospital ‘Policlinico‑Vittorio Emanuele’, University of Catania, Catania I‑95123, Italy, Newton Lewis Institute Scientific Research‑Life Science Park, San Gwann 3000, Malta
    Copyright: © Lurins et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 2433-2442
    |
    Published online on: February 8, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7254
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Abstract

Aortic valve (AoV) stenosis is the third most common cardiovascular disease. The pathogenesis of AoV stenosis is associated with an inflammatory process where MMPs serve important roles. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and inflammatory factors, and AoV stenosis at various degrees of severity compared with the control. A total of 18 patients with mild, 19 with moderate and 15 with severe AoV stenosis were included in the present stud, and 50 individuals were enrolled in the control group. The severity of stenosis was determined by echocardiography. The expression levels of chemerin, fibroblast growth factor 21, MMP‑1, ‑3, and ‑9, and TIMP‑1 and ‑3 were analyzed by ELISA. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism7 software. The expression levels of MMP‑1 was increased in patients with stenosis compared with the control group (P=0.0043). Distribution of the trimodal MMP‑1 values was obtained in the stenosis group and monomodal in the control group. A total of 80% of patients in the stenosis group presented significantly increased expression levels of MMP‑1 compared with the control group (P=0.0002). Expression of MMP‑1 was significantly higher in all stenosis groups compared with the control. The highest expression level of MMP‑1 appeared in patients with moderate stenosis (P<0.0001). There was no significant difference in the expression of MMP‑3, MMP‑9 and TIMP‑1 in the aortic stenosis group, compared with the control group. A positive correlation between MMP‑1 and MMP‑9 expression levels was identified (r=0.37; P=0.017). The increase of MMP‑1 was correlated with the increase of MMP‑9, but not with the level of MMP‑3. The expression levels of chemerin was significantly elevated in patients with stenosis compared with healthy patients. The highest expression levels of chemerin were determined in patients with mild (P=0.0001) and moderate (P=0.0007) stenosis and decreased with the grade of severity compared with the control group. The expression of FGF‑21 was significantly different between the control and mild (P=0.013), moderate (P=0.015) and severe stenosis (P=0.003) groups. The expression levels of FGF‑21 increased with the increase in severity grade, reaching the maximum for severe stenosis. The results of the present study indicated that the inflammatory process is predominantly occurring at the early, mild stage of stenosis and the most prominent extracellular matrix remodeling occurs in moderate stenosis (demonstrated by MMP‑1 levels). In patients with severe stenosis, the levels of MMP‑1 and chemerin (which are lower than in a case of mild or moderate stenosis) could indicate the development of calcinosis and the reduction in activity or inactivation of the inflammatory process.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Lurins J, Lurina D, Svirskis S, Nora‑Krukle Z, Tretjakovs P, Mackevics V, Lejnieks A, Rapisarda V and Baylon V: Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis. Exp Ther Med 17: 2433-2442, 2019.
APA
Lurins, J., Lurina, D., Svirskis, S., Nora‑Krukle, Z., Tretjakovs, P., Mackevics, V. ... Baylon, V. (2019). Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 2433-2442. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7254
MLA
Lurins, J., Lurina, D., Svirskis, S., Nora‑Krukle, Z., Tretjakovs, P., Mackevics, V., Lejnieks, A., Rapisarda, V., Baylon, V."Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.4 (2019): 2433-2442.
Chicago
Lurins, J., Lurina, D., Svirskis, S., Nora‑Krukle, Z., Tretjakovs, P., Mackevics, V., Lejnieks, A., Rapisarda, V., Baylon, V."Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 4 (2019): 2433-2442. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7254
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Lurins J, Lurina D, Svirskis S, Nora‑Krukle Z, Tretjakovs P, Mackevics V, Lejnieks A, Rapisarda V and Baylon V: Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis. Exp Ther Med 17: 2433-2442, 2019.
APA
Lurins, J., Lurina, D., Svirskis, S., Nora‑Krukle, Z., Tretjakovs, P., Mackevics, V. ... Baylon, V. (2019). Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 2433-2442. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7254
MLA
Lurins, J., Lurina, D., Svirskis, S., Nora‑Krukle, Z., Tretjakovs, P., Mackevics, V., Lejnieks, A., Rapisarda, V., Baylon, V."Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.4 (2019): 2433-2442.
Chicago
Lurins, J., Lurina, D., Svirskis, S., Nora‑Krukle, Z., Tretjakovs, P., Mackevics, V., Lejnieks, A., Rapisarda, V., Baylon, V."Impact of several proinflammatory and cell degradation factors in patients with aortic valve stenosis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 4 (2019): 2433-2442. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7254
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