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Article Open Access

TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway

Retraction in: /10.3892/etm.2024.12782
  • Authors:
    • Dan Li
    • Ying Tan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 2937-2944
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    Published online on: February 26, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7316
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Abstract

Macrophage apoptosis and inflammation serve pivotal roles in the occurrence of atherosclerosis. However, the detailed underlying mechanism of macrophage action during atherosclerosis is poorly understood. Tumor necrosis factor‑α‑induced protein 8‑like 2 (TIPE2) is a well‑known negative regulator of the immune response. The current study assessed the association between TIPE2 and apoptosis‑associated molecules in macrophages during atherosclerosis, as well as the role of TIPE2 in macrophage inflammation. RAW264.7 macrophages were subsequently transfected with a TIPE2 expression plasmid. Following oxidized low‑density lipoprotein (oxLDL) induction (100 µg/m1) for 48 h, macrophage apoptosis was assessed via Annexin V/propidium iodide dual staining. The apoptosis‑associated factors and Akt signaling pathway‑associated factors were also evaluated via western blot analysis. The expression of inflammatory factors was determined via a reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and western blotting. Furthermore, a transwell assay was performed to test cell invasion ability. NF‑κB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation were also assessed via western blotting. The results demonstrated that TIPE2 overexpression may promote oxLDL‑induced RAW264.7 macrophage apoptosis by inhibiting the protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that TIPE2 significantly reduced oxLDL‑induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‑α), interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 expression (MCP‑1), and increased IL‑10 expression by suppressing NF‑κB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation in RAW264.7 macrophages. These results indicated that TIPE2 serves a protective role in oxLDL‑induced RAW264.7 macrophages, and its mechanism may partly be exerted via the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and the reduction of the macrophage inflammatory response achieved via the suppression of NF‑κB signal activation.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Li D and Tan Y: TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway Retraction in /10.3892/etm.2024.12782. Exp Ther Med 17: 2937-2944, 2019.
APA
Li, D., & Tan, Y. (2019). TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway Retraction in /10.3892/etm.2024.12782. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 2937-2944. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7316
MLA
Li, D., Tan, Y."TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway Retraction in /10.3892/etm.2024.12782". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.4 (2019): 2937-2944.
Chicago
Li, D., Tan, Y."TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway Retraction in /10.3892/etm.2024.12782". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 4 (2019): 2937-2944. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7316
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Li D and Tan Y: TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway Retraction in /10.3892/etm.2024.12782. Exp Ther Med 17: 2937-2944, 2019.
APA
Li, D., & Tan, Y. (2019). TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway Retraction in /10.3892/etm.2024.12782. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 2937-2944. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7316
MLA
Li, D., Tan, Y."TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway Retraction in /10.3892/etm.2024.12782". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.4 (2019): 2937-2944.
Chicago
Li, D., Tan, Y."TIPE2 suppresses atherosclerosis by exerting a protective effect on macrophages via the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway Retraction in /10.3892/etm.2024.12782". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 4 (2019): 2937-2944. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7316
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