Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
May-2019 Volume 17 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2019 Volume 17 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article Open Access

Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

  • Authors:
    • Zhen-Guo Pan
    • Xi-Zeng Zhang
    • Zhi-Mei Zhang
    • Yun-Jie Dong
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong 252600, P.R. China, Department of Medical Administration, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong 252600, P.R. China
  • Pages: 3637-3643
    |
    Published online on: March 6, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7354
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The cardio-protection mechanisms of sevoflurane and propofol still remain unclear in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We designed the present study to identify the optimal pathways through integrating differential co-expressed network (DCN)-based guilt by association (GBA) principle based on the expression data of E-GEOD-4386 downloaded from EMBL-EBI. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were firstly identified and then DCN and sub-DCN were established. The seed pathways were predicted through GBA principle using the area under the curve (AUC) for pathway categories, and the pathway terms with AUC >0.9 were defined as the seed pathways. KEGG pathway analysis was applied to the DEGs based on DAVIA to detect significant pathways. The final optimal pathways were identified based on the traditional pathway analysis and network-based pathway inference approach. There were 83 common, 99 sevoflurane-specific and 4 propofol-specific DEGs in the expression profile of artial samples. Finally, 8 and 4 pathway terms having the AUC >0.9 were identified and determined as the seed pathways in the propofol and sevoflurane group, respectively. TNF signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as NOD-like receptor signaling pathway were the common optimal ones in these two groups. Only the pathway of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction was unique to sevoflurane, and no pathway was specific to propofol. Our results suggested that sevoflurane and propofol might synergistically possess some cardio-protective properties in patients undergoing CABG.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Rezaianzadeh A, Maghsoudi B, Tabatabaee H, Keshavarzi S, Bagheri Z, Sajedianfard J, Gerami H and Rasouli J: Factors associated with extubation time in coronary artery bypass grafting patients. PeerJ. 3:e14142015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Selvanayagam JB, Petersen SE, Francis JM, Robson MD, Kardos A, Neubauer S and Taggart DP: Effects of off-pump versus on-pump coronary surgery on reversible and irreversible myocardial injury: A randomized trial using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and biochemical markers. Circulation. 109:345–350. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Varadarajan SG, An J, Novalija E and Stowe DF: Sevoflurane before or after ischemia improves contractile and metabolic function while reducing myoplasmic Ca(2+) loading in intact hearts. Anesthesiology. 96:125–133. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Frässdorf J, De Hert S and Schlack W: Anaesthesia and myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Br J Anaesth. 103:89–98. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Hellström J, Öwall A, Bergström J and Sackey PV: Cardiac outcome after sevoflurane versus propofol sedation following coronary bypass surgery: A pilot study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 55:460–467. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Wang J, Zheng H, Chen CL, Lu W and Zhang YQ: Sevoflurane at 1 MAC provides optimal myocardial protection during off-pump CABG. Scand Cardiovasc J. 47:175–184. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Lin E and Symons JA: Volatile anaesthetic myocardial protection: A review of the current literature. HSR Proc Intensive Care Cardiovasc Anesth. 2:105–109. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

8 

Li H, Cang J and Zhang X: Sevoflurane exerts a more marked influence compared with propofol on gene expression in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Exp Ther Med. 11:448–454. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Garcia C, Julier K, Bestmann L, Zollinger A, von Segesser LK, Pasch T, Spahn DR and Zaugg M: Preconditioning with sevoflurane decreases PECAM-1 expression and improves one-year cardiovascular outcome in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Br J Anaesth. 94:159–165. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Yao YT and Li LH: Sevoflurane versus propofol for myocardial protection in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Chin Med Sci J. 24:133–141. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Jakobsen CJ, Berg H, Hindsholm KB, Faddy N and Sloth E: The influence of propofol versus sevoflurane anesthesia on outcome in 10,535 cardiac surgical procedures. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 21:664–671. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Sayin MM, Özatamer O, Taşöz R, Kilinç K and Ünal N: Propofol attenuates myocardial lipid peroxidation during coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Br J Anaesth. 89:242–246. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Corcoran TB, Engel A, Sakamoto H, O'Shea A, O'Callaghan-Enright S and Shorten GD: The effects of propofol on neutrophil function, lipid peroxidation and inflammatory response during elective coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with impaired ventricular function. Br J Anaesth. 97:825–831. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Louwen F, Muschol-Steinmetz C, Reinhard J, Reitter A and Yuan J: A lesson for cancer research: Placental microarray gene analysis in preeclampsia. Oncotarget. 3:759–773. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Subramanian A, Tamayo P, Mootha VK, Mukherjee S, Ebert BL, Gillette MA, Paulovich A, Pomeroy SL, Golub TR, Lander ES, et al: Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102:15545–15550. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Tilford CA and Siemers NO: Gene set enrichment analysis. Methods Mol Biol. 563:99–121. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Curtis RK, Oresic M and Vidal-Puig A: Pathways to the analysis of microarray data. Trends Biotechnol. 23:429–435. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Qin T: Inferring biological knowledge of pathways from an ontology fingerprint-derived gene network. PhD dissertation, Medical University of South Carolina. Publication no AAI3569828 (Charleston, SC, USA). 2012.

19 

Peña-Castillo L, Tasan M, Myers CL, Lee H, Joshi T, Zhang C, Guan Y, Leone M, Pagnani A, Kim WK, et al: A critical assessment of Mus musculus gene function prediction using integrated genomic evidence. Genome Biol. 9 (Suppl 1):S22008. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Mostafavi S, Ray D, Warde-Farley D, Grouios C and Morris Q: GeneMANIA: A real-time multiple association network integration algorithm for predicting gene function. Genome Biol. 9 (Suppl 1):S42008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Sharan R, Ulitsky I and Shamir R: Network-based prediction of protein function. Mol Syst Biol. 3:88. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Zuberi K, Franz M, Rodriguez H, Montojo J, Lopes CT, Bader GD and Morris Q: GeneMANIA prediction server 2013 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 41:W115–W122. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Lucchinetti E, Hofer C, Bestmann L, Hersberger M, Feng J, Zhu M, Furrer L, Schaub MC, Tavakoli R, Genoni M, et al: Gene regulatory control of myocardial energy metabolism predicts postoperative cardiac function in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Inhalational versus intravenous anesthetics. Anesthesiology. 106:444–457. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Irizarry RA, Hobbs B, Collin F, Beazer-Barclay YD, Antonellis KJ, Scherf U and Speed TP: Exploration, normalization, and summaries of high density oligonucleotide array probe level data. Biostatistics. 4:249–264. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Bolstad BM, Irizarry RA, Åstrand M and Speed TP: A comparison of normalization methods for high density oligonucleotide array data based on variance and bias. Bioinformatics. 19:185–193. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Pepper SD, Saunders EK, Edwards LE, Wilson CL and Miller CJ: The utility of MAS5 expression summary and detection call algorithms. BMC Bioinformatics. 8:2732007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Zhu LJ, Gazin C, Lawson ND, Pagès H, Lin SM, Lapointe DS and Green MR: ChIPpeakAnno: A bioconductor package to annotate ChIP-seq and ChIP-chip data. BMC Bioinformatics. 11:2372010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Smyth GK: Limma: linear models for microarray data. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Solutions Using R and Bioconductor. Gentleman R, Carey VJ, Huber W, Irizarry RA and Dudoit S: Statistics for Biology and Health. (Springer, New York, NY). 397–420. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Benjamini Y, Drai D, Elmer G, Kafkafi N and Golani I: Controlling the false discovery rate in behavior genetics research. Behav Brain Res. 125:279–284. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Gillis J and Pavlidis P: The role of indirect connections in gene networks in predicting function. Bioinformatics. 27:1860–1866. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Huang W, Sherman BT and Lempicki RA: Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources. Nat Protoc. 4:44–57. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Ford G, Xu Z, Gates A, Jiang J and Ford BD: Expression Analysis Systematic Explorer (EASE) analysis reveals differential gene expression in permanent and transient focal stroke rat models. Brain Res. 1071:226–236. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Neilsen PM, Cheney KM, Li CW, Chen JD, Cawrse JE, Schulz RB, Powell JA, Kumar R and Callen DF: Identification of ANKRD11 as a p53 coactivator. J Cell Sci. 121:3541–3552. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Ponomarev I, Wang S, Zhang L, Harris RA and Mayfield RD: Gene coexpression networks in human brain identify epigenetic modifications in alcohol dependence. J Neurosci. 32:1884–1897. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Doig TN, Hume DA, Theocharidis T, Goodlad JR, Gregory CD and Freeman TC: Coexpression analysis of large cancer datasets provides insight into the cellular phenotypes of the tumour microenvironment. BMC Genomics. 14:4692013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Chua HN, Sung WK and Wong L: Exploiting indirect neighbours and topological weight to predict protein function from protein-protein interactions. Bioinformatics. 22:1623–1630. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Yip AM and Horvath S: Gene network interconnectedness and the generalized topological overlap measure. BMC Bioinformatics. 8:222007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Bowie AG and O'Neill LA: Vitamin C inhibits NF-kappa B activation by TNF via the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Immunol. 165:7180–7188. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Zhong C, Zhou Y and Liu H: Nuclear factor kappaB and anesthetic preconditioning during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Anesthesiology. 100:540–546. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Konia MR, Schaefer S and Liu H: Nuclear factor-[kappa]B inhibition provides additional protection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury in delayed sevoflurane preconditioning. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 26:496–503. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Tian Y, Guo S, Guo Y and Jian L: Anesthetic propofol attenuates apoptosis, Aβ accumulation, and inflammation induced by sevoflurane through NF-κB pathway in human neuroglioma cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 35:891–898. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Chen G, Shaw MH, Kim YG and Nuñez G: NOD-like receptors: Role in innate immunity and inflammatory disease. Annu Rev Pathol. 4:365–398. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Kanneganti TD, Lamkanfi M and Núñez G: Intracellular NOD-like receptors in host defense and disease. Immunity. 27:549–559. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Levy JH and Tanaka KA: Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg. 75:S715–S720. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Ozaki K and Leonard WJ: Cytokine and cytokine receptor pleiotropy and redundancy. J Biol Chem. 277:29355–29358. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Auer J, Weber T, Berent R, Lassnig E, Lamm G and Eber B: Genetic polymorphisms in cytokine and adhesion molecule genes in coronary artery disease. Am J Pharmacogenomics. 3:317–328. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Boekholdt SM, Peters RJ, Hack CE, Day NE, Luben R, Bingham SA, Wareham NJ, Reitsma PH and Khaw KT: IL-8 plasma concentrations and the risk of future coronary artery disease in apparently healthy men and women: The EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 24:1503–1508. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Bu X, Wang B, Wang Y, Wang Z, Gong C, Qi F and Zhang C: Pathway-related modules involved in the application of sevoflurane or propofol in off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Exp Ther Med. 14:97–106. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Pan Z, Zhang X, Zhang Z and Dong Y: Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Exp Ther Med 17: 3637-3643, 2019.
APA
Pan, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., & Dong, Y. (2019). Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 3637-3643. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7354
MLA
Pan, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., Dong, Y."Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.5 (2019): 3637-3643.
Chicago
Pan, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., Dong, Y."Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 5 (2019): 3637-3643. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7354
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Pan Z, Zhang X, Zhang Z and Dong Y: Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Exp Ther Med 17: 3637-3643, 2019.
APA
Pan, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., & Dong, Y. (2019). Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 3637-3643. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7354
MLA
Pan, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., Dong, Y."Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.5 (2019): 3637-3643.
Chicago
Pan, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., Dong, Y."Optimal pathways involved in the treatment of sevoflurane or propofol for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 5 (2019): 3637-3643. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7354
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team