Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
May-2019 Volume 17 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2019 Volume 17 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models

  • Authors:
    • Dongdong Wang
    • Jinmiao Lu
    • Qin Li
    • Zhiping Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 4023-4031
    |
    Published online on: March 27, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7446
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Different tacrolimus (TAC) population pharmacokinetic (PPK) models have been established in various pediatric disease populations. However, a TAC PPK model for pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome (PRNS) has not been well characterized. The current study aimed to establish a TAC PPK model in Chinese PRNS and provide a summary of previous literature concerning TAC PPK models in different pediatric diseases. A total of 147 TAC conventional therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) data from multiple blood samples obtained from 65 Chinese patients with PRNS were characterized using nonlinear mixed‑effects modeling. The impacts of demographic features, biological characteristics and drug combination were evaluated. Model validation was assessed using the bootstrap method. A one‑compartment model with first‑order absorption and elimination was determined to be the most suitable model for TDM data in PRNS. The absorption rate constant (Ka) was set at 4.48 h‑1. The typical values of apparent oral clearance (CL/F) and apparent volume of distribution (V/F) in the final model were 5.46 l/h and 57.1 l, respectively. The inter‑individual variability of CL/F and V/F were 22.2 and 0.2%, respectively. The PPK equation for TAC was: CL/F = 5.46 x exponential function (EXP)(0.0323 x age) x EXP(‑0.359 x cystatin‑C) x EXP(0.148 x daily dose of TAC). No significant effects of covariates on V/F were observed. In conclusion, the current study developed and validated the first TAC PPK model for patients with PRNS. The study also provided a summary of previous literature concerning other TAC PPK models in different pediatric diseases.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Certikova-Chabova V and Tesar V: Recent insights into the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome. Minerva Med. 104:333–347. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

2 

2. Eddy AA and Symons JM: Nephrotic syndrome in childhood. Lancet. 362:629–639. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

McKinney PA, Feltbower RG, Brocklebank JT and Fitzpatrick MM: Time trends and ethnic patterns of childhood nephrotic syndrome in Yorkshire, UK. Pediatr Nephrol. 16:1040–1044. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Koskimies O, Vilska J, Rapola J and Hallman N: Long-term outcome of primary nephrotic syndrome. Arch Dis Child. 57:544–548. 1982. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Lombel RM, Gipson DS and Hodson EM; Kidney Disease, : Improving Global Outcomes: Treatment of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: New guidelines from KDIGO. Pediatr Nephrol. 28:415–426. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Tarshish P, Tobin JN, Bernstein J and Edelmann CM Jr: Prognostic significance of the early course of minimal change nephrotic syndrome: Report of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children. J Am Soc Nephrol. 8:769–776. 1997.PubMed/NCBI

7 

Hodson EM, Willis NS and Craig JC: Corticosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4). CD0015332007.

8 

Choudhry S, Bagga A, Hari P, Sharma S, Kalaivani M and Dinda A: Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus versus cyclosporine in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 53:760–769. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Gulati A, Sinha A, Gupta A, Kanitkar M, Sreenivas V, Sharma J, Mantan M, Agarwal I, Dinda AK, Hari P, et al: Treatment with tacrolimus and prednisolone is preferable to intravenous cyclophosphamide as the initial therapy for children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int. 82:1130–1135. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Gulati S, Prasad N, Sharma RK, Kumar A, Gupta A and Baburaj VP: Tacrolimus: A new therapy for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 23:910–913. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Loeffler K, Gowrishankar M and Yiu V: Tacrolimus therapy in pediatric patients with treatment-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 19:281–287. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Roberti I and Vyas S: Long-term outcome of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome treated with tacrolimus. Pediatr Nephrol. 25:1117–1124. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Sinha A, Gupta A, Kalaivani M, Hari P, Dinda AK and Bagga A: Mycophenolate mofetil is inferior to tacrolimus in sustaining remission in children with idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int. 92:248–257. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Wang W, Xia Y, Mao J, Chen Y, Wang D, Shen H, Fu H, Du L and Liu A: Treatment of tacrolimus or cyclosporine A in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 27:2073–2079. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Yang EM, Lee ST, Choi HJ, Cho HY, Lee JH, Kang HG, Park YS, Cheong HI and Ha IS: Tacrolimus for children with refractory nephrotic syndrome: A one-year prospective, multicenter, and open-label study of Tacrobell®, a generic formula. World J Pediatr. 12:60–65. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Venkataramanan R, Swaminathan A, Prasad T, Jain A, Zuckerman S, Warty V, McMichael J, Lever J, Burckart G and Starzl T: Clinical pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus. Clin Pharmacokinet. 29:404–430. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Jusko WJ, Thomson AW, Fung J, McMaster P, Wong SH, Zylber-Katz E, Christians U, Winkler M, Fitzsimmons WE, Lieberman R, et al: Consensus document: Therapeutic monitoring of tacrolimus (FK-506). Ther Drug Monit. 17:606–614. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Vadcharavivad S, Praisuwan S, Techawathanawanna N, Treyaprasert W and Avihingsanon Y: Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in Thai kidney transplant patients: Comparison with similar data from other populations. J Clin Pharm Ther. 41:310–328. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Andreu F, Colom H, Grinyó JM, Torras J, Cruzado JM and Lloberas N: Development of a population PK model of tacrolimus for adaptive dosage control in stable kidney transplant patients. Ther Drug Monit. 37:246–255. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Benkali K, Rostaing L, Premaud A, Woillard JB, Saint-Marcoux F, Urien S, Kamar N, Marquet P and Rousseau A: Population pharmacokinetics and Bayesian estimation of tacrolimus exposure in renal transplant recipients on a new once-daily formulation. Clin Pharmacokinet. 49:683–692. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Bergmann TK, Hennig S, Barraclough KA, Isbel NM and Staatz CE: Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in adult kidney transplant patients: Impact of CYP3A5 genotype on starting dose. Ther Drug Monit. 36:62–70. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Han N, Ha S, Yun HY, Kim MG, Min SI, Ha J, Lee JI, Oh JM and Kim IW: Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacogenetic model of tacrolimus in the early period after kidney transplantation. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 114:400–406. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Zhao W, Elie V, Roussey G, Brochard K, Niaudet P, Leroy V, Loirat C, Cochat P, Cloarec S, André JL, et al: Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of tacrolimus in de novo pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 86:609–618. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Zuo XC, Ng CM, Barrett JS, Luo AJ, Zhang BK, Deng CH, Xi LY, Cheng K, Ming YZ, Yang GP, et al: Effects of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 polymorphisms on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in Chinese adult renal transplant recipients: A population pharmacokinetic analysis. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 23:251–261. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Lu YX, Su QH, Wu KH, Ren YP, Li L, Zhou TY and Lu W: A population pharmacokinetic study of tacrolimus in healthy Chinese volunteers and liver transplant patients. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 36:281–288. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Musuamba FT, Guy-Viterbo V, Reding R, Verbeeck RK and Wallemacq P: Population pharmacokinetic analysis of tacrolimus early after pediatric liver transplantation. Ther Drug Monit. 36:54–61. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

27 

Wallin JE, Bergstrand M, Wilczek HE, Nydert PS, Karlsson MO and Staatz CE: Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric liver transplantation: Early posttransplantation clearance. Ther Drug Monit. 33:663–672. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Yang JW, Liao SS, Zhu LQ, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Sun XY, Rao W, Qu W, Li WZ and Sun LY: Population pharmacokinetic analysis of tacrolimus early after Chinese pediatric liver transplantation. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 53:75–83. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Zhang XQ, Wang ZW, Fan JW, Li YP, Jiao Z, Gao JW, Peng ZH and Liu GL: The impact of sulfonylureas on tacrolimus apparent clearance revealed by a population pharmacokinetics analysis in Chinese adult liver-transplant patients. Ther Drug Monit. 34:126–133. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Zhu L, Yang J, Zhang Y, Jing Y, Zhang Y and Li G: Effects of CYP3A5 genotypes, ABCB1 C3435T and G2677T/A polymorphism on pharmacokinetics of Tacrolimus in Chinese adult liver transplant patients. Xenobiotica. 45:840–846. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Wallin JE, Friberg LE, Fasth A and Staatz CE: Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: New initial dosage suggestions and a model-based dosage adjustment tool. Ther Drug Monit. 31:457–466. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Monchaud C, de Winter BC, Knoop C, Estenne M, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Pison C, Stern M, Kessler R, Guillemain R, Marquet P, et al: Population pharmacokinetic modelling and design of a Bayesian estimator for therapeutic drug monitoring of tacrolimus in lung transplantation. Clin Pharmacokinet. 51:175–186. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Fukudo M, Yano I, Masuda S, Goto M, Uesugi M, Katsura T, Ogura Y, Oike F, Takada Y and Egawa H: Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenomic analysis of tacrolimus in pediatric living-donor liver transplant recipients. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 80:331–345. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

García Sánchez MJ, Manzanares C, Santos-Buelga D, Blázquez A, Manzanares J, Urruzuno P and Medina E: Covariate effects on the apparent clearance of tacrolimus in paediatric liver transplant patients undergoing conversion therapy. Clin Pharmacokinet. 40:63–71. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Guy-Viterbo V, Scohy A, Verbeeck RK, Reding R, Wallemacq P and Musuamba FT: Population pharmacokinetic analysis of tacrolimus in the first year after pediatric liver transplantation. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 69:1533–1542. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Jalil MH, Hawwa AF, McKiernan PJ, Shields MD and McElnay JC: Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic analysis of tacrolimus in paediatric liver transplant patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 77:130–140. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Kassir N, Labbé L, Delaloye JR, Mouksassi MS, Lapeyraque AL, Alvarez F, Lallier M, Beaunoyer M, Théorêt Y and Litalien C: Population pharmacokinetics and Bayesian estimation of tacrolimus exposure in paediatric liver transplant recipients. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 77:1051–1063. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Sam WJ, Aw M, Quak SH, Lim SM, Charles BG, Chan SY and Ho PC: Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in Asian paediatric liver transplant patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 50:531–541. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Yasuhara M, Hashida T, Toraguchi M, Hashimoto Y, Kimura M, Inui K, Hori R, Inomata Y, Tanaka K and Yamaoka Y: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of FK 506 in pediatric patients receiving living-related donor liver transplantations. Transplant Proc. 27:1108–1110. 1995.PubMed/NCBI

40 

Jusko WJ, Piekoszewski W, Klintmalm GB, Shaefer MS, Hebert MF, Piergies AA, Lee CC, Schechter P and Mekki QA: Pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in liver transplant patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 57:281–290. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Lindbom L, Pihlgren P and Jonsson EN: PsN-Toolkit - a collection of computer intensive statistical methods for non-linear mixed effect modeling using NONMEM. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 79:241–257. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Wang DD, Lu JM, Li Q and Li ZP: Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus based on real-world study. J Clin Pharm Ther. 43:476–483. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Lindbom L, Ribbing J and Jonsson EN: Perl-speaks-NONMEM (PsN) - a Perl module for NONMEM related programming. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 75:85–94. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Brendel K, Dartois C, Comets E, Lemenuel-Diot A, Laveille C, Tranchand B, Girard P, Laffont CM and Mentré F: Are population pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic models adequately evaluated? A survey of the literature from 2002 to 2004. Clin Pharmacokinet. 46:221–234. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Jolling K, Perez Ruixo JJ, Hemeryck A, Vermeulen A and Greway T: Mixed-effects modelling of the interspecies pharmacokinetic scaling of pegylated human erythropoietin. Eur J Pharm Sci. 24:465–475. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Kauffman RE and Kearns GL: Pharmacokinetic studies in paediatric patients. Clinical and ethical considerations. Clin Pharmacokinet. 23:10–29. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Przepiorka D, Blamble D, Hilsenbeck S, Danielson M, Krance R and Chan KW: Tacrolimus clearance is age-dependent within the pediatric population. Bone Marrow Transplant. 26:601–605. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Hojs R, Bevc S, Ekart R, Gorenjak M and Puklavec L: Serum cystatin C as an endogenous marker of renal function in patients with mild to moderate impairment of kidney function. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 21:1855–1862. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Dharnidharka VR, Kwon C and Stevens G: Serum cystatin C is superior to serum creatinine as a marker of kidney function: A meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 40:221–226. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Koenig W, Twardella D, Brenner H and Rothenbacher D: Plasma concentrations of cystatin C in patients with coronary heart disease and risk for secondary cardiovascular events: More than simply a marker of glomerular filtration rate. Clin Chem. 51:321–327. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Villa P, Jiménez M, Soriano MC and Manzanares JP: Serum cystatin C concentration as a marker of acute renal dysfunction in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 9:R139–R143. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Zaffanello M, Franchini M and Fanos V: Is serum Cystatin-C a suitable marker of renal function in children? Ann Clin Lab Sci. 37:233–240. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

53 

Cordeiro VF, Pinheiro DC, Silva GB Jr, Lima JW, Mota RM, Libório AB and Daher EF: Comparative study of cystatin C and serum creatinine in the estimative of glomerular filtration rate in children. Clin Chim Acta. 391:46–50. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Kurzawski M and Droździk M: Pharmacogenetics in solid organ transplantation: Genes involved in mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics of immunosuppressive drugs. Pharmacogenomics. 14:1099–1118. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Haufroid V, Mourad M, Van Kerckhove V, Wawrzyniak J, De Meyer M, Eddour DC, Malaise J, Lison D, Squifflet JP and Wallemacq P: The effect of CYP3A5 and MDR1 (ABCB1) polymorphisms on cyclosporine and tacrolimus dose requirements and trough blood levels in stable renal transplant patients. Pharmacogenetics. 14:147–154. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Hesselink DA, van Schaik RH, van der Heiden IP, van der Werf M, Gregoor PJ, Lindemans J, Weimar W and van Gelder T: Genetic polymorphisms of the CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and MDR-1 genes and pharmacokinetics of the calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 74:245–254. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Kuypers DR, de Jonge H, Naesens M and Vanrenterghem Y: A prospective, open-label, observational clinical cohort study of the association between delayed renal allograft function, tacrolimus exposure, and CYP3A5 genotype in adult recipients. Clin Ther. 32:2012–2023. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Quteineh L, Verstuyft C, Furlan V, Durrbach A, Letierce A, Ferlicot S, Taburet AM, Charpentier B and Becquemont L: Influence of CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism on tacrolimus daily dose requirements and acute rejection in renal graft recipients. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 103:546–552. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang D, Lu J, Li Q and Li Z: Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models. Exp Ther Med 17: 4023-4031, 2019.
APA
Wang, D., Lu, J., Li, Q., & Li, Z. (2019). Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 4023-4031. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7446
MLA
Wang, D., Lu, J., Li, Q., Li, Z."Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.5 (2019): 4023-4031.
Chicago
Wang, D., Lu, J., Li, Q., Li, Z."Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 5 (2019): 4023-4031. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7446
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang D, Lu J, Li Q and Li Z: Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models. Exp Ther Med 17: 4023-4031, 2019.
APA
Wang, D., Lu, J., Li, Q., & Li, Z. (2019). Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 4023-4031. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7446
MLA
Wang, D., Lu, J., Li, Q., Li, Z."Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.5 (2019): 4023-4031.
Chicago
Wang, D., Lu, J., Li, Q., Li, Z."Population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome and a summary of other pediatric disease models". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 5 (2019): 4023-4031. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7446
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team