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Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats

  • Authors:
    • Yan Chen
    • Lian‑Fang Huang
    • Jue‑Xin Zhu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 4492-4498
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    Published online on: April 19, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7508
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Abstract

The aim of the current study was to investigate histopathological changes and bone remodeling in the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone in rats following treatment with glucocorticoids. A total of 30 3‑month‑old female Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly divided into either a vehicle control group or one of three experimental groups wherein dexamethasone (Dex) was administered at a dose of 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg (Dex1.0, Dex2.5 and Dex5.0, respectively), for 8 weeks. Articular cartilage and the epiphyseal subchondral bone of the proximal tibias were evaluated by histopathology or for bone remodeling using histomorphometry. No histological changes were identified in the knee articular cartilage but the bone formation rate of the subchondral bone was lower in the Dex1.0 group compared with that of the control group. Compared with the control and the Dex1.0 group, the width of the articular cartilage and the subchondral plate were larger, with abnormal morphology and increased apoptosis of chondrocytes, decreased cell/matrix volume ratio in the cartilage and fewer blood vessels in the subchondral plate in the Dex2.5 and Dex5.0 groups. A higher Dex dose resulted in more severe inhibition of bone formation, a greater number of apoptotic osteocytes and constrained bone resorption. All microstructure parameters indicated no significant changes in the Dex2.5 group but exhibited deterioration in the Dex5.0 group compared with the normal and Dex1.0 group. There were no significant differences in morphological changes, or in static and dynamic bone indices between the Dex2.5 and Dex5.0 groups. In conclusion, long‑term glucocorticoid use induced dose‑related histopathological changes in the knee articular cartilage, along with unbalanced bone remodeling and osteopenia in the subchondral bone. The degree of damage to the articular cartilage was milder and transformed from compensation to degeneration at higher doses.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chen Y, Huang LF and Zhu JX: Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats. Exp Ther Med 17: 4492-4498, 2019.
APA
Chen, Y., Huang, L., & Zhu, J. (2019). Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 4492-4498. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7508
MLA
Chen, Y., Huang, L., Zhu, J."Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.6 (2019): 4492-4498.
Chicago
Chen, Y., Huang, L., Zhu, J."Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 6 (2019): 4492-4498. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7508
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chen Y, Huang LF and Zhu JX: Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats. Exp Ther Med 17: 4492-4498, 2019.
APA
Chen, Y., Huang, L., & Zhu, J. (2019). Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 17, 4492-4498. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7508
MLA
Chen, Y., Huang, L., Zhu, J."Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17.6 (2019): 4492-4498.
Chicago
Chen, Y., Huang, L., Zhu, J."Dose‑related histopathology and bone remodeling characteristics of the knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone induced by glucocorticoids in rats". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 17, no. 6 (2019): 4492-4498. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7508
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