Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
July-2019 Volume 18 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2019 Volume 18 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft

  • Authors:
    • Chunyu Liu
    • Shenfei Tang
    • Guozhen Niu
    • Juan Zhang
    • Xinyu Huang
    • Yushan Zhang
    • Yanlong Bi
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200333, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 242-252
    |
    Published online on: May 10, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7573
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the feasibility of a new graft construction method using rabbit corneal endothelial cells (RCECs) and a porcine descemet membrane (DM) carrier. RCECs were isolated and the experimental group was treated with Y‑27632, whereas the control group were cultured in medium without Y‑27632. RCEC morphology was observed using an inverted microscope, and cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. To confirm the presence of RCECs, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was used to detect gene expression levels of Na+‑K+‑ATPase, aquaporin 1, collagen α2 (IV), collagen α1 (VIII) and keratin‑12. Histocompatibility testing was used to detect porcine DM antigenicity. A DM‑RCEC graft was constructed, and morphology was observed using alizarin red‑trypan blue and haematoxylin and eosin staining. Cell membrane potential was measured to evaluate the physical function of the DM‑RCEC graft. Complex graft tension was measured using a modified tension detector and compared with fresh porcine DM‑endothelium complex. In vitro‑cultured RCECs formed a monolayer with a polygon morphology and cobblestone‑like arrangement. In vitro‑cultured RCECs exhibited typical RCEC characteristics before and after transplantation. The proliferation rates of the experimental and control groups were 62.68 and 34.50%, respectively (P<0.05); the apoptosis rates of the experimental and control groups were 8.99 and 35.68%, respectively (P<0.05). There was no antigenicity observed with the porcine DM. The action potential amplitude of the experimental and control groups was over ‑80 mV, reflecting normal RCEC physiological function. The tension measurements of the experimental and control groups were 20.0248±1.048 and 20.5013±0.657 g, respectively (P>0.05). Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that Y‑27632 enhanced RCEC proliferation. In addition, the findings revealed the successful ex vivo construction of a RCEC sheet on a porcine DM graft.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

View References

1 

Melles GR, Ong TS, Ververs B and van der Wees J: Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). Cornea. 25:987–990. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Gospodarowicz D, Greenburg G and Alvarado J: Transplantation of cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells to species with nonregenerative endothelium. The cat as an experimental model. Arch Ophthalmol. 97:2163–2169. 1979. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Niu G, Choi JS, Wang Z, Skardal A, Giegengack M and Soker S: Heparin-modified gelatin scaffolds for human corneal endothelial cell transplantation. Biomaterials. 35:4005–4014. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Fan T, Zhao J, Ma X, Xu X, Zhao W and Xu B: Establishment of a continuous untransfected human corneal endothelial cell line and its biocompatibility to denuded amniotic membrane. Mol Vis. 17:469–480. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

5 

Watanabe R, Hayashi R, Kimura Y, Tanaka Y, Kageyama T, Hara S, Tabata Y and Nishida K: A novel gelatin hydrogel carrier sheet for corneal endothelial transplantation. Tissue Eng Part A. 17:2213–2219. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Honda N, Mimura T, Usui T and Amano S: Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty using cultured corneal endothelial cells in a rabbit model. Arch Ophthalmol. 127:1321–1326. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Johnston MC, Noden DM, Hazelton RD, Coulombre JL and Coulombre AJ: Origins of avian ocular and periocular tissues. Exp Eye Res. 29:27–43. 1979. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Edelhauser HF: The balance between corneal transparency and edema: The proctor lecture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 47:1754–1767. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Joyce NC, Meklir B, Joyce SJ and Zieske JD: Cell cycle protein expression and proliferative status in human corneal cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 37:645–655. 1996.PubMed/NCBI

10 

Mimura T, Yamagami S and Amano S: Corneal endothelial regeneration and tissue engineering. Prog Retin Eye Res. 35:1–17. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Peh GS, Beuerman RW, Colman A, Tan DT and Mehta1 JS: Human corneal endothelial cell expansion for corneal endothelium transplantation: An overview. Transplantation. 91:811–819. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Nakagawa H, Yoshioka K, Miyahara E, Fukushima Y, Tamura M and Itoh K: Intrathecal Administration of Y-27632, a specific Rho-associated kinase inhibitor, for rat neoplastic meningitis. Mol Cancer Res. 3:425–433. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Feng ZH, Zhang XH, Zhao JQ and Ma JZ: Involvement of Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase signaling inhibition in TGF-β1/Smad2, 3 signal transduction in vitro. Int J Ophthalmol. 10:1805–1811. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

14 

Okumura N, Inoue R, Okazaki Y, Nakano S, Nakagawa H, Kinoshita S and Koizumi N: Effect of the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 on corneal endothelial wound healing. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 56:6067–6074. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Zhang J, Cai H, Sun L, Zhan P, Chen M, Zhang F, Ran Y and Wan J: LGR5, a novel functional glioma stem cell marker, promotes EMT by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and predicts poor survival of glioma patients. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 37:225–231. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Serafini S, Santos MM, Aoun Tannuri AC, Zerbini MCN, de Mendonça Coelho MC, de Oliveira Gonçalves J and Tannuri U: Is hematoxylin-eosin staining in rectal mucosal and submucosal biopsies still useful for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease? Diagn Pathol. 12:842017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Leyrer-Jackson JM, Olive MF and Gipson CD: Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology to study ionotropic glutamatergic receptors and their roles in addiction. Methods Mol Biol. 1941:107–135. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Esipov RS, Beĭrakhova KA, Chupova LA, Likhvantseva VK, Stepanova EV and Miroshnikov AI: Recombinant fragment of pigment epithelium-derived factor (44–77) prevents pathological corneal neovascularization. Bioorg Khim. 38:78–85. 2012.(In Russian). PubMed/NCBI

20 

Singh N, Higgins E, Amin S, Jani P, Richter E, Patel A, Kaur R, Wang J, Ambati J, Dong Z and Ambati BK: Unique homologous siRNA blocks hypoxia-induced VEGF upregulation in human corneal cells and inhibits and regresses murine corneal neovascularization. Cornea. 26:65–72. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

21 

Mimura T, Yamagami S, Yokoo S, Araie M and Amano S: Comparison of rabbit corneal endothelial cell precursors in the central and peripheral cornea. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 46:3645–3648. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Okumura N, Kay EP, Nakahara M, Hamuro J, Kinoshita S and Koizumi N: Inhibition of TGF-β signaling enables human corneal endothelial cell expansion in vitro for use in regenerative medicine. PLoS One. 8:e580002013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Rieck P, Oliver L, Engelmann K, Fuhrmann G, Hartmann C and Courtois Y: The role of exogenous/endogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta-1) on human corneal endothelial cells proliferation in vitro. Exp Cell Res. 220:36–46. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Soldano S, Paolino S, Pizzorni C, Trombetta AC, Montagna P, Brizzolara R, Corallo C, Giordano N, Sulli A and Cutolo M: Dual endothelin receptor antagonists contrast the effects induced by endothelin-1 on cultured human microvascular endothelial cells. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 35:484–493. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

25 

Hsieh P and Baum J: Effects of fibroblastic and endothelial extracellular matrices on corneal endothelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 26:457–463. 1985.PubMed/NCBI

26 

Okumura N, Koizumi N, Ueno M, Sakamoto Y, Takahashi H, Hirata K, Torii R, Hamuro J and Kinoshita S: Enhancement of corneal endothelium wound healing by Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor eye drops. Br J Ophthalmol. 95:1006–1009. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Bi YL, Zhou Q, Du F, Wu MF, Xu GT and Sui GQ: Regulation of functional corneal endothelial cells isolated from sphere colonies by Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor. Exp Ther Med. 5:433–437. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Joyce NC and Harris DL: Decreasing expression of the G1-phase inhibitors, p21Cip1 and p16INK4a, promotes division of corneal endothelial cells from older donors. Mol Vis. 16:897–906. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

29 

Ding V, Chin A, Peh G, Mehta JS and Choo A: Generation of novel monoclonal antibodies for the enrichment and characterization of human corneal endothelial cells (hCENC) necessary for the treatment of corneal endothelial blindness. MAbs. 6:1439–1452. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Song Q, Yuan S, An Q, Chen Y, Mao FF, Liu Y, Liu Q and Fan G: Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to corneal endothelial cell-like cells: A transcriptomic analysis. Exp Eye Res. 151:107–114. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Wu RL, Zhu G, Galvin S, Xu C, Haseba T, Chaloin-Dufau D, Dhouailly D, Wei ZG, Lavker RM, Kao WY, et al: Lineage-specific and differentiation-dependent expression of K12 keratin in rabbit corneal/limbal epithelial cells: cDNA cloning and northern blot analysis. Differentiation. 55:137–144. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Ahearne M, Wilson SL, Liu KK, Rauz S, El Haj AJ and Yang Y: Influence of cell and collagen concentration on the cell-matrix mechanical relationship in a corneal stroma wound healing model. Exp Eye Res. 91:584–591. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

McCulley JP, Maurice DM and Schwartz BD: Corneal endothelial transplantation. Ophthalmology. 87:194–201. 1980. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Liang Y, Liu W, Han B, Yang C, Ma Q, Song F and Bi Q: An in situ formed biodegradable hydrogel for reconstruction of the corneal endothelium. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 82:1–7. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Ishino Y, Sano Y, Nakamura T, Connon CJ, Rigby H, Fullwood NJ and Kinoshita S: Amniotic membrane as a carrier for cultivated human corneal endothelial cells transplantation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 45:800–806. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Diao YM and Hong J: Feasibility and safety of porcine Descemet's membrane as a carrier for generating tissue-engineered corneal endothelium. Mol Med Rep. 12:1929–1934. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Choi HJ, Kim MK, Lee HJ, Ko JH, Jeong SH, Lee JI, Oh BC, Kang HJ and Wee WR: Efficacy of pig-to-rhesus lamella corneal xenotransplantation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 52:6643–6650. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Murphy SV and Atala A: Organ engineering-combining stem cells, biomaterials, and bioreactors to produce bioengineered organs for transplantation. Bioessays. 35:163–172. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Gospodarowicz D and Greenburg G: The coating of bovine and rabbit corneas denuded of their endothelium with bovine corneal endothelial cells. Exp Eye Res. 28:249–265. 1979. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Chen KH, Azar D and Joyce NC: Transplantation of adult human corneal endothelium ex vivo: A morphologic study. Cornea. 20:731–737. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Jumblatt MM, Maurice DM and McCulley JP: Transplantation of tissue-cultured corneal endothelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 17:1135–1141. 1978.PubMed/NCBI

42 

Thinnes FP: Neuroendocrine differentiation of LNCaP cells suggests: VDAC in the cell membrane is involved in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Mol Genet Metab. 97:241–243. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

McIntosh Ambrose W, Salahuddin A, So S, Ng S, Ponce Márquez S, Takezawa T, Schein O and Elisseeff J: Collagen Vitrigel membranes for the in vitro reconstruction of separate corneal epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cell layers. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 90:818–831. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Neher E and Sakmann B: Single channel currents recorded from membrane of denervated frog muscle fibers. Nature. 260:799–802. 1976. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu C, Tang S, Niu G, Zhang J, Huang X, Zhang Y and Bi Y: Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft. Exp Ther Med 18: 242-252, 2019.
APA
Liu, C., Tang, S., Niu, G., Zhang, J., Huang, X., Zhang, Y., & Bi, Y. (2019). Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 18, 242-252. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7573
MLA
Liu, C., Tang, S., Niu, G., Zhang, J., Huang, X., Zhang, Y., Bi, Y."Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18.1 (2019): 242-252.
Chicago
Liu, C., Tang, S., Niu, G., Zhang, J., Huang, X., Zhang, Y., Bi, Y."Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18, no. 1 (2019): 242-252. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7573
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu C, Tang S, Niu G, Zhang J, Huang X, Zhang Y and Bi Y: Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft. Exp Ther Med 18: 242-252, 2019.
APA
Liu, C., Tang, S., Niu, G., Zhang, J., Huang, X., Zhang, Y., & Bi, Y. (2019). Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 18, 242-252. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7573
MLA
Liu, C., Tang, S., Niu, G., Zhang, J., Huang, X., Zhang, Y., Bi, Y."Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18.1 (2019): 242-252.
Chicago
Liu, C., Tang, S., Niu, G., Zhang, J., Huang, X., Zhang, Y., Bi, Y."Ex vivo construction of rabbit corneal endothelial cell sheets on a porcine descemet membrane graft". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18, no. 1 (2019): 242-252. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7573
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team