Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
November-2019 Volume 18 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2019 Volume 18 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels

  • Authors:
    • Beihua Zhong
    • Shuangtao Ma
    • Donna H. Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Division of Nanomedicine and Molecular Intervention, Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
  • Pages: 3636-3642
    |
    Published online on: September 9, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7987
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

This study tests the hypothesis that the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway mediates protease‑activated receptor (PAR) 2‑induced activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) to protect the heart from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. SLIGRL, a PAR2 activating peptide, was administered prior to reperfusion following left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in wild type (WT) and TRPV1 knockout (TRPV1‑/‑) mice. In a Langendorffly perfused heart I/R model, hemodynamic parameters, including left ventricular end‑diastolic pressure, left ventricular developed pressure, coronary blood flow and left ventricular peak +dP/dt were evaluated after I/R. SLIGRL reduced the cardiac infarct size in WT and TRPV1‑/‑ mice with a greater effect in the former strain (P<0.05). SLIGRL increased plasma levels of calcitonin gene‑related peptide (CGRP) and substance P in WT (both P<0.05) but not in TRPV1‑/‑ mice. Pretreatment with CGRP8‑37 (a CGRP receptor antagonist) or RP67580 (a neurokinin‑1 receptor antagonist) alone had no effect on SLIGRL‑induced cardiac protection in either strain. However, combined administration of CGRP8‑37 and RP67580 abolished SLIGRL‑induced cardiac protection in WT but not in TRPV1‑/‑ mice. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a general LOX inhibitor) and baicalein (a 12‑LOX inhibitor), but not indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and hexanamide (a selective cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor), abolished the protective effects of SLIGRL in WT (all P<0.05) but not in TRPV1‑/‑ hearts. These data suggested that PAR2, possibly via 12‑LOX, activates TRPV1 and leads to CGRP and substance P release to prevent I/R injury in the heart, indicating that the 12‑LOX‑TRPV1 pathway conveys cardiac protection to alleviate myocardial infarction.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

Ossovskaya VS and Bunnett NW: Protease-activated receptors: Contribution to physiology and disease. Physiol Rev. 84:579–621. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Steinhoff M, Buddenkotte J, Shpacovitch V, Rattenholl A, Moormann C, Vergnolle N, Luger TA and Hollenberg MD: Proteinase-activated receptors: Transducers of proteinase-mediated signaling in inflammation and immune response. Endocr Rev. 26:1–43. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Steinhoff M, Vergnolle N, Young SH, Tognetto M, Amadesi S, Ennes HS, Trevisani M, Hollenberg MD, Wallace JL, Caughey GH, et al: Agonists of proteinase-activated receptor 2 induce inflammation by a neurogenic mechanism. Nat Med. 6:151–158. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Gunthorpe MJ, Benham CD, Randall A and Davis JB: The diversity in the vanilloid (TRPV) receptor family of ion channels. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 23:183–191. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Caterina MJ, Leffler A, Malmberg AB, Martin WJ, Trafton J, Petersen-Zeitz KR, Koltzenburg M, Basbaum AI and Julius D: Impaired nociception and pain sensation in mice lacking the capsaicin receptor. Science. 288:306–313. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Dai Y, Moriyama T, Higashi T, Togashi K, Kobayashi K, Yamanaka H, Tominaga M and Noguchi K: Proteinase-activated receptor 2-mediated potentiation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 activity reveals a mechanism for proteinase-induced inflammatory pain. J Neurosci. 24:4293–4299. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

McLean PG, Aston D, Sarkar D and Ahluwalia A: Protease-activated receptor-2 activation causes EDHF-like coronary vasodilation: Selective preservation in ischemia/reperfusion injury: Involvement of lipoxygenase products, VR1 receptors, and C-fibers. Circ Res. 90:465–472. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Zhong B and Wang DH: TRPV1 gene knockout impairs preconditioning protection against myocardial injury in isolated perfused hearts in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 293:H1791–H1798. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Napoli C, Cicala C, Wallace JL, de Nigris F, Santagada V, Caliendo G, Franconi F, Ignarro LJ and Cirino G: Protease-activated receptor-2 modulates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 97:3678–3683. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Robin J, Kharbanda R, McLean P, Campbell R and Vallance P: Protease-activated receptor 2-mediated vasodilatation in humans in vivo: Role of nitric oxide and prostanoids. Circulation. 107:954–959. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Hwang SW, Cho H, Kwak J, Lee SY, Kang CJ, Jung J, Cho S, Min KH, Suh YG, Kim D and Oh U: Direct activation of capsaicin receptors by products of lipoxygenases: Endogenous capsaicin-like substances. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 97:6155–6160. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Starkopf J, Andreasen TV, Bugge E and Ytrehus K: Lipid peroxidation, arachidonic acid and products of the lipoxygenase pathway in ischaemic preconditioning of rat heart. Cardiovasc Res. 37:66–75. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Yet SF, Tian R, Layne MD, Wang ZY, Maemura K, Solovyeva M, Ith B, Melo LG, Zhang L, Ingwall JS, et al: Cardiac-specific expression of heme oxygenase-1 protects against ischemia and reperfusion injury in transgenic mice. Circ Res. 89:168–173. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Cattaruzza F, Cenac N, Barocelli E, Impicciatore M, Hyun E, Vergnolle N and Sternini C: Protective effect of proteinase-activated receptor 2 activation on motility impairment and tissue damage induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rodents. Am J Pathol. 169:177–188. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Zhong B and Wang DH: N-oleoyldopamine, a novel endogenous capsaicin-like lipid, protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury via activation of TRPV1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 295:H728–H735. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Hochhauser E, Alterman I, Weinbroum A, Barak Y, Harell D, Raz A, Erman A and Vidne B: Effects of vasoactive substances released from ischemic reperfused liver on the isolated rat heart. Exp Clin Cardiol. 6:29–34. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Nayeem MA, Ponnoth DS, Boegehold MA, Zeldin DC, Falck JR and Mustafa SJ: High-salt diet enhances mouse aortic relaxation through adenosine A2A receptor via CYP epoxygenases. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 296:R567–R574. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Zhong B and Wang DH: Protease-activated receptor 2-mediated protection of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: Role of transient receptor potential vanilloid receptors. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 297:R1681–R1690. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Amadesi S, Cottrell GS, Divino L, Chapman K, Grady EF, Bautista F, Karanjia R, Barajas-Lopez C, Vanner S, Vergnolle N and Bunnett NW: Protease-activated receptor 2 sensitizes TRPV1 by protein kinase Cepsilon- and A-dependent mechanisms in rats and mice. J Physiol. 575:555–571. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Starr A, Graepel R, Keeble J, Schmidhuber S, Clark N, Grant A, Shah AM and Brain SD: A reactive oxygen species-mediated component in neurogenic vasodilatation. Cardiovasc Res. 78:139–147. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Wang DH: The vanilloid receptor and hypertension. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 26:286–294. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Wang L and Wang DH: TRPV1 gene knockout impairs postischemic recovery in isolated perfused heart in mice. Circulation. 112:3617–3623. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Athanasiou A, Smith PA, Vakilpour S, Kumaran NM, Turner AE, Bagiokou D, Layfield R, Ray DE, Westwell AD, Alexander SP, et al: Vanilloid receptor agonists and antagonists are mitochondrial inhibitors: How vanilloids cause non-vanilloid receptor mediated cell death. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 354:50–55. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Nilius B, Owsianik G, Voets T and Peters JA: Transient receptor potential cation channels in disease. Physiol Rev. 87:165–217. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Wang Y, Babánková D, Huang J, Swain GM and Wang DH: Deletion of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 receptors exaggerates renal damage in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertension. Hypertension. 52:264–270. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Helyes Z, Elekes K, Németh J, Pozsgai G, Sándor K, Kereskai L, Börzsei R, Pintér E, Szabó A and Szolcsányi J: Role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptors in endotoxin-induced airway inflammation in the mouse. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 292:L1173–L1181. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Brain SD, Williams TJ, Tippins JR, Morris HR and MacIntyre I: Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a potent vasodilator. Nature. 313:54–56. 1985. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Asimakis GK, DiPette DJ, Conti VR, Holland OB and Zwischenberger JB: Hemodynamic action of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the isolated rat heart. Life Sci. 41:597–603. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Li W, Wang T, Ma C, Xiong T, Zhu Y and Wang X: Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits interleukin-1beta-induced endogenous monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 secretion in type II alveolar epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 291:C456–C465. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Harzenetter MD, Novotny AR, Gais P, Molina CA, Altmayr F and Holzmann B: Negative regulation of TLR responses by the neuropeptide CGRP is mediated by the transcriptional repressor ICER. J Immunol. 179:607–615. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

O'Connor TM, O'Connell J, O'Brien DI, Goode T, Bredin CP and Shanahan F: The role of substance P in inflammatory disease. J Cell Physiol. 201:167–180. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Kramer JH, Phillips TM and Weglicki WB: Magnesium-deficiency-enhanced post-ischemic myocardial injury is reduced by substance P receptor blockade. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 29:97–110. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Souza DG, Mendonça VA, de A Castro MS, Poole S and Teixeira MM: Role of tachykinin NK receptors on the local and remote injuries following ischaemia and reperfusion of the superior mesenteric artery in the rat. Br J Pharmacol. 135:303–312. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Grant AD, Cottrell GS, Amadesi S, Trevisani M, Nicoletti P, Materazzi S, Altier C, Cenac N, Zamponi GW, Bautista-Cruz F, et al: Protease-activated receptor 2 sensitizes the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 ion channel to cause mechanical hyperalgesia in mice. J Physiol. 578:715–733. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Moriyama T, Higashi T, Togashi K, Iida T, Segi E, Sugimoto Y, Tominaga T, Narumiya S and Tominaga M: Sensitization of TRPV1 by EP1 and IP reveals peripheral nociceptive mechanism of prostaglandins. Mol Pain. 1:32005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Shinmura K, Tamaki K, Sato T, Ishida H and Bolli R: Prostacyclin attenuates oxidative damage of myocytes by opening mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels via the EP3 receptor. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 288:H2093–H2101. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Camitta MG, Gabel SA, Chulada P, Bradbury JA, Langenbach R, Zeldin DC and Murphy E: Cyclooxygenase-1 and −2 knockout mice demonstrate increased cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury but are protected by acute preconditioning. Circulation. 104:2453–2458. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Sexton A, McDonald M, Cayla C, Thiemermann C and Ahluwalia A: 12-Lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoids protect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via activation of neuronal TRPV1. FASEB J. 21:2695–2703. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Gross GJ, Falck JR, Gross ER, Isbell M, Moore J and Nithipatikom K: Cytochrome P450 and arachidonic acid metabolites: Role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury revisited. Cardiovasc Res. 68:18–25. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Ding Z, Gödecke A and Schrader J: Contribution of cytochrome P450 metabolites to bradykinin-induced vasodilation in endothelial NO synthase deficient mouse hearts. Br J Pharmacol. 135:631–638. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhong B, Ma S and Wang DH: Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels. Exp Ther Med 18: 3636-3642, 2019.
APA
Zhong, B., Ma, S., & Wang, D.H. (2019). Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 18, 3636-3642. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7987
MLA
Zhong, B., Ma, S., Wang, D. H."Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18.5 (2019): 3636-3642.
Chicago
Zhong, B., Ma, S., Wang, D. H."Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18, no. 5 (2019): 3636-3642. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7987
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhong B, Ma S and Wang DH: Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels. Exp Ther Med 18: 3636-3642, 2019.
APA
Zhong, B., Ma, S., & Wang, D.H. (2019). Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 18, 3636-3642. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7987
MLA
Zhong, B., Ma, S., Wang, D. H."Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18.5 (2019): 3636-3642.
Chicago
Zhong, B., Ma, S., Wang, D. H."Protease‑activated receptor 2 protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through the lipoxygenase pathway and TRPV1 channels". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 18, no. 5 (2019): 3636-3642. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7987
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team