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Review Open Access

BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Tadamitsu Tsuneyoshi
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Central Research Institute, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Akitakata, Hiroshima 739‑1195, Japan
    Copyright: © Tsuneyoshi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1500-1503
    |
    Published online on: December 27, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.8380
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Abstract

In clinical studies, aged garlic extract (AGE) has been shown to improve endothelial dysfunction. The activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2)‑dependent gene expression is a proposed mechanism for maintaining vascular homeostasis. S‑1‑propenylcysteine (S1PC) and S‑allylcysteine (SAC) are two predominant sulfur‑containing amino acids present in AGE. However, it remains unclear as to whether the two sulfur amino acids activate Nrf2 in cells. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule and one of the activators of the Nrf2 pathway. In a previous study, we examined the effects of the two sulfur amino acids on NO signaling for modulating the Nrf2‑dependent antioxidant response. Neither S1PC nor SAC were found to affect the expression of Nrf2‑regulated genes, such as heme oxygenase‑1 (HMOX1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. However, S1PC was found to augment HMOX1 expression, induced by NO donors, such as NOR3. NOR3 was found to induce the nuclear accumulation of NRF2 protein and concomitantly enhance the degradation of BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1), a transcriptional repressor that competes with NRF2. Notably, on our previous study, S1PC enhanced the NOR3‑induced downregulation of BACH1, but did not further enhance the NOR3‑induced accumulation of NRF2. The findings of that study indicated that the S1PC‑induced degradation of BACH1 may provide a basis for the antioxidant effects of AGE. Thus, in this review, we aimed to provide a current overview of the antioxidant effects of AGE and sulfur‑containing amino acids.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Tsuneyoshi T: BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review). Exp Ther Med 19: 1500-1503, 2020.
APA
Tsuneyoshi, T. (2020). BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 19, 1500-1503. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.8380
MLA
Tsuneyoshi, T."BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 19.2 (2020): 1500-1503.
Chicago
Tsuneyoshi, T."BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 19, no. 2 (2020): 1500-1503. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.8380
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Tsuneyoshi T: BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review). Exp Ther Med 19: 1500-1503, 2020.
APA
Tsuneyoshi, T. (2020). BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 19, 1500-1503. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.8380
MLA
Tsuneyoshi, T."BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 19.2 (2020): 1500-1503.
Chicago
Tsuneyoshi, T."BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 19, no. 2 (2020): 1500-1503. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.8380
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