Changes in the levels of IL‑1β, cortisol and chromogranin A in saliva of subjects with occupational fatigue

Ding,Min; Zhao,Chaoxian; Li,Yan; Liu,Xiaoxia; Wang,Xueling; Liu,Fengli; Wang,Jian; Xiong,Nanyan; Song,Yonghong; Xu,Yanli

doi:10.3892/etm.2020.8799

Changes in the levels of IL‑1β, cortisol and chromogranin A in saliva of subjects with occupational fatigue

Authors:
- Min Ding
- Chaoxian Zhao
- Yan Li
- Xiaoxia Liu
- Xueling Wang
- Fengli Liu
- Jian Wang
- Nanyan Xiong
- Yonghong Song
- Yanli Xu
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Central Laboratory, Medical College, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, P.R. China, Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China, Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China, Department of Epidemiology, Medical College, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, P.R. China
Published online on: May 27, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.8799
Pages: 1782-1788

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

Changes in the levels of interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β), cortisol and chromogranin A (CgA) in saliva of subjects with occupational fatigue were investigated. Doctors in the Emergency Department were selected as research subjects. Saliva was collected before work (after full rest) and after work (≥24 h). Electroencephalogram (EEG) was performed. Enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of IL‑1β, cortisol and CgA in saliva. In order to obtain permission for human specimens, the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering and registered for clinical trials (registration no. ChiC‑TR‑DCD‑14005746). As there were only 4 subjects in this study without fatigue waves in EEG, and the number of these subjects was not sufficient to constitute a control group, the comparison of the contents of IL‑1β, cortisol and CgA of all subjects before and after working for 18 h was just a confirmation of the statistical results of 43 cases with fatigue waves in the EEG. According to the results, there was no change in the contents of IL‑1β and cortisol in the saliva of subjects with occupational fatigue before and after fatigue, whereas, there was a significant change in the content of CgA before and after fatigue. However, there was no correlation between the content of CgA and fatigue. The results of the present study revealed that IL‑1β, cortisol and CgA indicators are not suitable diagnostic markers for occupational fatigue.

View Figures

View References

1	Lal SK and Craig A: Driver fatigue: Electroencephalography and psychological assessment. Psychophysiology. 39:313–321. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
2	Arlinghaus A, Lombardi DA, Willetts JL, Folkard S and Christiani DC: A structural equation modeling approach to fatigue-related risk factors for occupational injury. Am J Epidemiol. 176:597–607. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
3	Philip P, Sagaspe P, Moore N, Taillard J, Charles A, Guilleminault C and Bioulac B: Fatigue, sleep restriction and driving performance. Accid Anal Prev. 37:473–478. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
4	Zhang G, Yau KK, Zhang X and Li Y: Traffic accidents involving fatigue driving and their extent of casualties. Accid Anal Prev. 87:34–42. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
5	Janssen N and Nijhuis FJ: Associations between positive changes in perceived work characteristics and changes in fatigue. J Occup Environ Med. 46:866–875. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
6	de Croon EM, Blonk RW, de Zwart BC, Frings-Dresen MH and Broersen JP: Job stress, fatigue, and job dissatisfaction in Dutch lorry drivers: Towards an occupation specific model of job demands and control. Occup Environ Med. 59:356–361. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
7	Bultmann U, Kant IJ, Schroer CA and Kasl SV: The relationship between psychosocial work characteristics and fatigue and psychological distress. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 75:259–266. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
8	van der Ploeg E and Kleber RJ: Acute and chronic job stressors among ambulance personnel: Predictors of health symptoms. Occup Environ Med. 60 (Suppl 1):i40–i46. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
9	Dimsdale JE, Ancoli-Israel S, Elsmore TF and Gruen W: Taking fatigue seriously: I. Variations in fatigue sampled repeatedly in healthy controls. J Med Eng Technol. 27:218–222. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
10	Cockram MS, Murphy E, Ringrose S, Wemelsfelder F, Miedema HM and Sandercock DA: Behavioural and physiological measures following treadmill exercise as potential indicators to evaluate fatigue in sheep. Animal. 6:1491–1502. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
11	Brookhuis KA and de Waard D: The use of psychophysiology to assess driver status. Ergonomics. 36:1099–1110. 1993.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
12	Shen K, Li X, PM Pullens W, Zheng H, Ong CJ and V Wilder-Smith E: Key feature extraction for fatigue identification using random forests. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2:2044–2047. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
13	Xu YL, Gong YN, Xiao D, Zhao CX, Gao XH, Peng XH, Xi AP, He LH, Lu LP, Ding M, et al: Discovery and identification of fatigue-related biomarkers in human saliva. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 22:8519–8536. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
14	Bower JE, Ganz PA, Dickerson SS, Petersen L, Aziz N and Fahey JL: Diurnal cortisol rhythm and fatigue in breast cancer survivors. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 30:92–100. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
15	Nunes LA, Brenzikofer R and Macedo DV: Reference intervals for saliva analytes collected by a standardized method in a physically active population. Clin Biochem. 44:1440–1444. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
16	Lal SK, Craig A, Boord P, Kirkup L and Nguyen H: Development of an algorithm for an EEG-based driver fatigue countermeasure. J Safety Res. 34:321–328. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
17	Srinivasan D, Yen JH, Joseph DJ and Friedman W: Cell type-specific interleukin-1beta signaling in the CNS. J Neurosci. 24:6482–6488. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
18	Wang DS, Zurek AA, Lecker I, Yu J, Abramian AM, Avramescu S, Davies PA, Moss SJ, Lu WY and Orser BA: Memory deficits induced by inflammation are regulated by α5-subunit-containing GABAA receptors. Cell Rep. 2:488–496. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
19	Song C, Phillips AG, Leonard BE and Horrobin DF: Ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid ingestion prevents corticosterone-mediated memory impairment induced by central administration of interleukin-1beta in rats. Mol Psychiatry. 9:630–638. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
20	Greenberg DB, Gray JL, Mannix CM, Eisenthal S and Carey M: Treatment-related fatigue and serum interleukin-1 levels in patients during external beam irradiation for prostate cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage. 8:196–200. 1993.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
21	Rachal Pugh C, Fleshner M, Watkins LR, Maier SF and Rudy JW: The immune system and memory consolidation: A role for the cytokine IL-1beta. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 25:29–41. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
22	Baum M, Klöpping-Menke K, Müller-Steinhardt M, Liesen H and Kirchner H: Increased concentrations of interleukin 1-beta in whole blood cultures supernatants after 12 weeks of moderate endurance exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 79:500–503. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
23	Pervaiz N and Hoffman-Goetz L: Immune cell inflammatory cytokine responses differ between central and systemic compartments in response to acute exercise in mice. Exerc Immunol Rev. 18:142–157. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
24	Barriga C, Martin MI, Ortega E and Rodriguez AB: Physiological concentrations of melatonin and corticosterone in stress and their relationship with phagocytic activity. J Neuroendocrinol. 14:691–695. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
25	Besedovsky HO and Rey AD: Physiology of psychoneuroimmunology: A personal view. Brain Behav Immun. 21:34–44. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
26	Castro M, Elias PC, Martinelli CE Jr, Antonini SR, Santiago L and Moreira AC: Salivary cortisol as a tool for physiological studies and diagnostic strategies. Braz J Med Biol Res. 33:1171–1175. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
27	Jerjes WK, Peters TJ, Taylor NF, Wood PJ, Wessely S and Cleare AJ: Diurnal excretion of urinary cortisol, cortisone, and cortisol metabolites in chronic fatigue syndrome. J Psychosom Res. 60:145–153. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
28	Jerjes WK, Cleare AJ, Wessely S, Wood PJ and Taylor NF: Diurnal patterns of salivary cortisol and cortisone output in chronic fatigue syndrome. J Affect Disord. 87:299–304. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
29	Moorkens G, Berwaerts J, Wynants H and Abs R: Characterization of pituitary function with emphasis on GH secretion in the chronic fatigue syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 53:99–106. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
30	Hamilos DL, Nutter D, Gershtenson J, Redmond DP, Clementi JD, Schmaling KB, Make BJ and Jones JF: Core body temperature is normal in chronic fatigue syndrome. Biol Psychiatry. 43:293–302. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
31	MacHale SM, Cavanagh JT, Bennie J, Carroll S, Goodwin GM and Lawrie SM: Diurnal variation of adrenocortical activity in chronic fatigue syndrome. Neuropsychobiology. 38:213–217. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
32	Papanicolaou DA, Amsterdam JD, Levine S, McCann SM, Moore RC, Newbrand CH, Allen G, Nisenbaum R, Pfaff DW, Tsokos GC, et al: Neuroendocrine aspects of chronic fatigue syndrome. Neuroimmunomodulation. 11:65–74. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
33	Wood B, Wessely S, Papadopoulos A, Poon L and Checkley S: Salivary cortisol profiles in chronic fatigue syndrome. Neuropsychobiology. 37:1–4. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
34	Strickland P, Morriss R, Wearden A and Deakin B: A comparison of salivary cortisol in chronic fatigue syndrome, community depression and healthy controls. J Affect Disord. 47:191–194. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
35	Gaab J, Huster D, Peisen R, Engert V, Schad T, Schurmeyer TH and Ehlert U: Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test in chronic fatigue syndrome and health. Psychosom Med. 64:311–318. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
36	Cleare AJ: The neuroendocrinology of chronic fatigue syndrome. Endocr Rev. 24:236–252. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
37	Schmidt ME, Semik J, Habermann N, Wiskemann J, Ulrich CM and Steindorf K: Cancer-related fatigue shows a stable association with diurnal cortisol dysregulation in breast cancer patients. Brain Behav Immun. 52:98–105. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar