Open Access

Relationship between oxidative stress and nuclear factor‑erythroid‑2‑related factor 2 signaling in diabetic cardiomyopathy (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Xia Wu
    • Leitao Huang
    • Jichun Liu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: April 25, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10110
  • Article Number: 678
  • Copyright: © Wu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and oxidative stress was discovered to serve an important role in the pathophysiology of the condition. An imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant defenses is known to be associated with cellular dysfunction, leading to the development of various types of cardiac disease. Nuclear factor‑erythroid‑2‑related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that controls the basal and inducible expression levels of various antioxidant genes and other cytoprotective phase II detoxifying enzymes, which are ubiquitously expressed in the cardiac system. Kelch‑like ECH‑associated protein 1 (Keap1) serves as the main intracellular regulator of NRF2. Emerging evidence has revealed that NRF2 is a critical regulator of cardiac homeostasis via the suppression of oxidative stress. The activation of NRF2 was discovered to enhance specific endogenous antioxidant defense factors, one of which is antioxidant response element (ARE), which was subsequently illustrated to detoxify and counteract oxidative stress‑associated DCM. The NRF2 signaling pathway is closely associated with the development of various types of cardiac disease, including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation and myocarditis. Therefore, it is hypothesized that drugs targeting this pathway may be developed to inhibit the activation of NRF2 signaling, thereby preventing the occurrence of DCM and effectively treating the disease.
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July-2021
Volume 22 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Wu X, Huang L and Liu J: Relationship between oxidative stress and nuclear factor‑erythroid‑2‑related factor 2 signaling in diabetic cardiomyopathy (Review). Exp Ther Med 22: 678, 2021
APA
Wu, X., Huang, L., & Liu, J. (2021). Relationship between oxidative stress and nuclear factor‑erythroid‑2‑related factor 2 signaling in diabetic cardiomyopathy (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 678. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10110
MLA
Wu, X., Huang, L., Liu, J."Relationship between oxidative stress and nuclear factor‑erythroid‑2‑related factor 2 signaling in diabetic cardiomyopathy (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.1 (2021): 678.
Chicago
Wu, X., Huang, L., Liu, J."Relationship between oxidative stress and nuclear factor‑erythroid‑2‑related factor 2 signaling in diabetic cardiomyopathy (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 1 (2021): 678. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10110