Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
July-2021 Volume 22 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2021 Volume 22 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review Open Access

Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Shilpa S. Shetty
    • Suchetha Kumari
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Central Research Laboratory, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India, Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
    Copyright: © Shetty et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 706
    |
    Published online on: May 2, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10138
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Age, lifestyle and diet are major risk factors for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin resistance (IR) and β‑cell dysfunction underlie the pathophysiology of T2DM. Diabetic populations are also prone to lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities as an indirect effect of IR on key metabolic enzymes. However, recent studies suggested that lipid changes may not only be a consequence of impaired glucose metabolism but also a causative factor. Fatty acids (FAs) influence translocation of glucose transporters and insulin receptor binding and signalling, in addition to cell membrane fluidity and permeability. It is thus suggested that FAs may have an essential role in the development of IR and T2DM. Specific combinations of FAs within phospholipids and triglycerides were indicated to exhibit the strongest associations with the risk of T2DM. The aim of the present review was to investigate the role of FAs in the pathogenesis of T2DM, as it has yet to be fully elucidated.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

Boden G and Shulman GI: Free fatty acids in obesity and type 2 diabetes: Defining their role in the development of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Eur J Clin Invest. 32 (Suppl 3):14–23. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Boden G: Effects of free fatty acids (FFA) on glucose metabolism: Significance for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 111:121–124. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Boden G: Obesity, insulin resistance and free fatty acids. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 18:139–143. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Risérus U, Willett WC and Hu FB: Dietary fats and prevention of type 2 diabetes. Prog Lipid Res. 48:44–51. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Shevchenko A and Simons K: Lipidomics: Coming to grips with lipid diversity. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 11:593–598. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Gutch M, Kumar S, Razi SM, Gupta KK and Gupta A: Assessment of insulin sensitivity/resistance. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 19:160–164. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Garaulet M, Pérez-Llamas F, Pérez-Ayala M, Martínez P, de Medina FS, Tebar FJ and Zamora S: Site-specific differences in the fatty acid composition of abdominal adipose tissue in an obese population from a Mediterranean area: Relation with dietary fatty acids, plasma lipid profile, serum insulin, and central obesity. Am J Clin Nutr. 74:585–591. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Pietiläinen KH, Róg T, Seppänen-Laakso T, Virtue S, Gopalacharyulu P, Tang J, Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Maciejewski A, Naukkarinen J, Ruskeepää AL, et al: Association of lipidome remodeling in the adipocyte membrane with acquired obesity in humans. PLoS Biol. 9(e1000623)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Borkman M, Storlien LH, Pan DA, Jenkins AB, Chisholm DJ and Campbell LV: The relation between insulin sensitivity and the fatty-acid composition of skeletal-muscle phospholipids. N Engl J Med. 328:238–244. 1993.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Ståhlman M, Pham HT, Adiels M, Mitchell TW, Blanksby SJ, Fagerberg B, Ekroos K and Borén J: Clinical dyslipidemia is associated with changes in the lipid composition and inflammatory properties of apolipoprotein- B containing lipoproteins from women with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 55:1156–1166. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Wang Y, Botolin D, Xu J, Christian B, Mitchell E, Jayaprakasam B, Nair MG, Peters JM, Busik JV, Olson LK, et al: Regulation of hepatic fatty acid elongase and desaturase expression in diabetes and obesity. J Lipid Res. 47:2028–2041. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Huo T, Cai S, Lu X, Sha Y, Yu M and Li F: Metabonomic study of biochemical changes in the serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after the treatment of metformin hydrochloride. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 49:976–982. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Markgraf DF, Al-Hasani H and Lehr S: Lipidomics-Reshaping the Analysis and Perception of Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci. 17(1841)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Wong G, Barlow CK, Weir JM, Jowett JB, Magliano DJ, Zimmet P, Shaw J and Meikle PJ: Inclusion of plasma lipid species improves classification of individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes. PLoS One. 8(e76577)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Rhee EP, Cheng S, Larson MG, Walford GA, Lewis GD, McCabe E, Yang E, Farrell L, Fox CS, O'Donnell CJ, et al: Lipid profiling identifies a triacylglycerol signature of insulin resistance and improves diabetes prediction in humans. J Clin Invest. 121:1402–1411. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Vargas E and Sepulveda CMA: Biochemistry, Insulin Metabolic Effects. In: StatPearls. Stat Pearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL, 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525983/. Accessed April 21, 2019.

17 

Betts GJ, Desaix P, Johnson E, Korol O, Kruse D, Poe B, et al: Human Anatomy and Physiology. OpenStax College, 2013.

18 

Röder PV, Wu B, Liu Y and Han W: Pancreatic regulation of glucose homeostasis. Exp Mol Med. 48(e219)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Tokarz VL, MacDonald PE and Klip A: The cell biology of systemic insulin function. J Cell Biol. 217:2273–2289. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Samuel VT and Shulman GI: Mechanisms for insulin resistance: Common threads and missing links. Cell. 148:852–871. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

No authors listed. Diabetes is more prevalent among the urban poor: A summary of the findings of the ICMR-INDIAB Study. Curr Med Issues. 15:243–244. 2017.

22 

Mohan V and Pradeepa R: Epidemiology of Diabetes in different regions of India. Health Administrator XXII 1,. 2:1–18. 2009.

23 

Tandon N, Anjana RM, Mohan V, Kaur T, Afshin A, Ong K, Mukhopadhyay S, Thomas N, Bhatia E, Krishnan A, et al: The increasing burden of diabetes and variations among the states of India: The Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2016 India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative Diabetes Collaborators. Lancet Glob Health. 6:1352–1362. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Chawla A, Chawla R and Jaggi S: Microvasular and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus: Distinct or continuum? Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 20:546–551. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Yajnik CS, Fall CH, Coyaji KJ, Hirve SS, Rao S, Barker DJ, Joglekar C and Kellingray S: Neonatal anthropometry: The thin-fat Indian baby. The Pune Maternal Nutrition Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 27:173–180. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Unnikrishnan RI, Rema M, Pradeepa R, Deepa M, Shanthirani CS, Deepa R and Mohan V: Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic nephropathy in an urban south Indian population. The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES-45). Diabetes Care. 30:2019–2024. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Tan SY and Merchant J: Frederick Banting (1891-1941): Discoverer of insulin. Singapore Med J. 58:2–3. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Pradeepa R, Rema M, Vignesh J, Deepa M, Deepa R and Mohan V: Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic neuropathy in an urban south Indian population: The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES-55). Diabet Med. 25:407–412. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Mohan V, Deepa R, Rani SS and Premalatha G: Chennai Urban Population Study (CUPS No.5). Prevalence of coronary artery disease and its relationship to lipids in a selected population in south India: The Chennai Urban Population Study (CUPS No. 5). J Am CollCardiol. 38:682–687. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Premalatha G, Shanthirani CS, Deepa R, Markovitz J and Mohan V: Prevalence and risk factors of peripheral vascular disease in a selected south Indian population the Chennai Urban Population Study (CUPS). Diabetes Care. 23:1295–1300. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

White MG, Shaw JA and Taylor R: Type 2 Diabetes: The Pathologic Basis of Reversible β-Cell Dysfunction. Diabetes Care. 39:2080–2088. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Andersson-Hall U, Carlsson NG, Sandberg AS and Holmäng A: Circulating Linoleic Acid is Associated with Improved Glucose Tolerance in Women after Gestational Diabetes. Nutrients. 10(1629)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Ertunc ME and Hotamisligil GS: Lipid signaling and lipotoxicity in metaflammation: Indications for metabolic disease pathogenesis and treatment. J Lipid Res. 57:2099–2114. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Palomer X, Pizarro-Delgado J, Barroso E and Vázquez-Carrera M: Palmitic and Oleic Acid: The Yin and Yang of Fatty Acids in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 29:178–190. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Wu HT, Chen W, Cheng KC, Ku PM, Yeh CH and Cheng JT: Oleic acid activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ to compensate insulin resistance in steatotic cells. J Nutr Biochem. 23:1264–1270. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Simopoulos AP: The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: Scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 7:191–211. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Linus Pauling Institute: Essential Fatty acids. https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/other-nutrients/essential-fatty-acids#membrane-structure-function. Accessed May, 2019.

38 

Lopez S, Bermudez B, Ortega A, Varela LM, Pacheco YM, Villar J, Abia R and Muriana FJ: Effects of meals rich in either monounsaturated or saturated fat on lipid concentrations and on insulin secretion and action in subjects with high fasting triglyceride concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr. 93:494–499. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Bhaswant M, Poudyal H and Brown L: Mechanisms of enhanced insulin secretion and sensitivity with n-3 unsaturated fatty acids. J Nutr Biochem. 26:571–584. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Lepretti M, Martucciello S, Burgos Aceves MA, Putti R and Lionetti L: Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Insulin Resistance: Focus on the Regulation of Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Nutrients. 10(350)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Day EA, Ford RJ and Steinberg GR: AMPK as a therapeutic target for treating metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 28:545–560. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Pérez-Matute P, Pérez-Echarri N, Martínez JA, Marti A and Moreno-Aliaga MJ: Eicosapentaenoic acid actions on adiposity and insulin resistance in control and high-fat-fed rats: Role of apoptosis, adiponectin and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Br J Nutr. 97:389–398. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Wang X and Chan CB: n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and insulin secretion. J Endocrinol. 224:R97–R106. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Rimoldi OJ, Finarelli GS and Brenner RR: Effects of diabetes and insulin on hepatic delta6 desaturase gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 283:323–326. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Mansouri V, Javanmard SH, Mahdavi M and Tajedini MH: Association of Polymorphism in Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Iranian Population. Adv Biomed Res. 7(98)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Kim OY, Lim HH, Yang LI, Chae JS and Lee JH: Fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene polymorphisms and insulin resistance in association with serum phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in healthy Korean men: Cross-sectional study. Nutr Metab (Lond). 8(24)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Yary T, Voutilainen S, Tuomainen TP, Ruusunen A, Nurmi T and Virtanen JK: Serum n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, ∆5- and ∆6-desaturase activities, and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in men: The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 103:1337–1343. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Vessby B, Ahrén B, Warensjö E and Lindgärde F: Plasma lipid fatty acid composition, desaturase activities and insulin sensitivity in Amerindian women. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 22:176–181. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Das UN: A defect in the activity of Delta6 and Delta5 desaturases may be a factor predisposing to the development of insulin resistance syndrome. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 72:343–350. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

50 

Mathias RA, Pani V and Chilton FH: Genetic Variants in the FADS Gene: Implications for Dietary Recommendations for Fatty Acid Intake. Curr Nutr Rep. 3:139–148. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Wu Y, Ding Y, Tanaka Y and Zhang W: Risk factors contributing to type 2 diabetes and recent advances in the treatment and prevention. Int J Med Sci. 11:1185–1200. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Mani I and Kurpad AV: Fats and fatty acids in Indian diets: Time for serious introspection. Indian J Med Res. 144:507–514. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Shetty SS and Kumari S: Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review). Exp Ther Med 22: 706, 2021.
APA
Shetty, S.S., & Kumari, S. (2021). Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 706. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10138
MLA
Shetty, S. S., Kumari, S."Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.1 (2021): 706.
Chicago
Shetty, S. S., Kumari, S."Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 1 (2021): 706. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10138
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Shetty SS and Kumari S: Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review). Exp Ther Med 22: 706, 2021.
APA
Shetty, S.S., & Kumari, S. (2021). Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 706. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10138
MLA
Shetty, S. S., Kumari, S."Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.1 (2021): 706.
Chicago
Shetty, S. S., Kumari, S."Fatty acids and their role in type‑2 diabetes (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 1 (2021): 706. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10138
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team