1
|
Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, Hu Y, Chen S, He Q,
Chang J, Hong C, Zhou Y, Wang D, et al: Neurologic manifestations
of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan,
China. JAMA Neurol. 77:683–690. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
2
|
Baig AM: Neurological manifestations in
COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. CNS Neurosci Ther. 26:499–501.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
3
|
Romero-Sánchez CM, Díaz-Maroto I,
Fernández-Díaz E, Sánchez-Larsen Á, Layos-Romero A, García-García
J, González E, Redondo-Peñas I, Perona-Moratalla AB, Del
Valle-Pérez JA, et al: Neurologic manifestations in hospitalized
patients with COVID-19: The ALBACOVID registry. Neurology.
95:e1060–e1070. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
4
|
Webb S, Wallace VC, Martin-Lopez D and
Yogarajah M: Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19: A newly
emerging post-infectious complication. BMJ Case Rep.
13(e236182)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
5
|
Baig AM, Khaleeq A, Ali U and Syeda H:
Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: Tissue
distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic
mechanisms. ACS Chem Neurosci. 11:995–998. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
6
|
Stoian A, Moțățăianu A, Bărcuțean L, Maier
S, Bazko Z, Voidăzan S, Fărcaș A and Bălașa R: Understandig the
mechanism of action of intravenous immunoglobulins: A ten years
experience in treating Guillain-Barré syndrome. Farmacia.
68:426–435. 2020.
|
7
|
Stoian A, Motataianu A, Bajko Z and Balasa
A: Guillain-Barré and acute transverse myelitis overlap syndrome
following obstetric surgery. J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures).
6:74–79. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
8
|
Finsterer J, Scorza FA and Ghosh R:
COVID-19 polyradiculitis in 24 patients without SARS-CoV-2 in the
cerebro-spinal fluid. J Med Virol. 93:66–68. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
9
|
van den Berg B, Walgaard C, Drenthen J,
Fokke C, Jacobs BC and van Doorn PA: Guillain-barre syndrome:
Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Nat Rev Neurol.
10:469–482. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
10
|
Toscano G, Palmerini F, Ravaglia S, Ruiz
L, Invernizzi P, Cuzzoni MG, Franciotta D, Baldanti F, Daturi R,
Postorino P, et al: Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with
SARS-CoV-2. N Engl J Med. 382:2574–2576. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
11
|
Gigli GL, Bax F, Marini A, Pellitteri G,
Scalise A, Surcinelli A and Valente M: Guillain-Barré syndrome in
the COVID-19 era: Just an occasional cluster? J Neurol.
268:1195–1197. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
12
|
Nyati KK and Prasad KN: Role of cytokines
and Toll-like receptors in the immunopathogenesis of Guillain-Barré
syndrome. Mediators Inflamm. 2014(758639)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
13
|
Sun T, Chen X, Shi S, Liu Q and Cheng Y:
Peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels in
Guillain Barré syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Front Neurosci. 13(717)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
14
|
Zhang HL, Zheng XY and Zhu J:
Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg cytokines in Guillain-Barre syndrome and
experimental autoimmune neuritis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev.
24:443–453. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
15
|
Li S, Jin T, Zhang HL, Yu H, Meng F,
Quezada HC and Zhu J: Circulating Th17, Th22, and Th1 cells are
elevated in the Guillain-Barré syndrome and downregulated by IVIg
treatments. Mediators Inflamm. 2014(740947)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
16
|
Han RK, Cheng YF, Zhou SS, Guo H, He RD,
Chi LJ and Zhang ML: Increased circulating Th17 cell populations
and elevated CSF osteopontin and IL-17 concentrations in patients
with Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Clin Immunol. 34:94–103.
2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
17
|
Hohnoki K, Inoue A and Koh CS: Elevated
serum levels of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and TNF-alpha/unelevated serum
levels of IL-10 in patients with demyelinating diseases during the
acute stage. J Neuroimmunol. 87:27–32. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
18
|
Lisak RP, Skundric D, Bealmear B and
Ragheb S: The role of cytokines in Schwann cell damage, protection,
and repair. J Infect Dis. 176 (Suppl 2):S173–S179. 1997.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
19
|
Nyati K, Prasad KN, Rizwan A, Verma A and
Paliwal VK: TH1 and TH2 response to Campylobacter jejuni
antigen in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Arch Neurol. 68:445–452.
2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
20
|
Press R, Deretzi G, Zou LP, Zhu J, Fredman
P, Lycke J and Link H: IL-10 and IFN-gamma in Guillain-Barré
syndrome. Network members of the Swedish epidemiological study
group. J Neuroimmunol. 112:129–138. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
21
|
Koralnik IJ and Tyler KL: COVID-19: A
global threat to the nervous system. Ann Neurol. 88:1–11.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
22
|
Dogan L, Kaya D, Sarikaya T, Zengin R,
Dincer A, Akinci IO and Afsar N: Plasmapheresis treatment in
COVID-19-related autoimmune meningoencephalitis: Case series. Brain
Behav Immun. 87:155–158. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
23
|
Zanin L, Saraceno G, Panciani PP, Renisi
G, Signorini L, Migliorati K and Fontanella MM: SARS-CoV-2 can
induce brain and spine demyelinating lesions. Acta Neurochir
(Wien). 162:1491–1494. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
24
|
Diao B, Wang C, Tan Y, Chen X, Liu Y, Ning
L, Chen L, Li M, Liu Y, Wang G, et al: Reduction and functional
exhaustion of T cells in patients with coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19). Front Immunol. 11(827)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
25
|
Bryce C, Grimes Z, Pujadas E, Ahuja S,
Beasley MB, Albrecht R, Hernandez T, Stock A, Zhao Z, Al Rasheed M,
et al: Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2: Targeting of endothelial
cells renders a complex disease with thrombotic microangiopathy and
aberrant immune response. The Mount Sinai COVID-19 autopsy
experience. medRxiv, 2020.
|
26
|
Netland J, Meyerholz DK, Moore S, Cassell
M and Perlman S: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in
mice transgenic for human ACE2. J Virol. 82:7264–7275.
2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
27
|
Arabi YM, Harthi A, Hussein J, Bouchama A,
Johani S, Hajeer AH, Saeed BT, Wahbi A, Saedy A, AlDabbagh T, et
al: Severe neurologic syndrome associated with Middle East
respiratory syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV). Infection.
43:495–501. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
28
|
Lau KK, Yu WC, Chu CM, Lau ST, Sheng B and
Yuen KY: Possible central nervous system infection by SARS
coronavirus. Emerg Infect Dis. 10:342–344. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
29
|
Andersen KG, Rambaut A, Lipkin WI, Holmes
EC and Garry RF: The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Med.
26:450–452. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
30
|
Uhlén M, Fagerberg L, Hallström BM,
Lindskog C, Oksvoldt P, Mardinoglu A, Sivertsson Å, Kampf C,
Sjöstedt E, Asplund A, et al: Proteomics. Tissue-based map of the
human proteome. Science. 347(1260419)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
31
|
Farzi MA, Ayromlou H, Jahanbakhsh N, Bavil
PH, Janzadeh A and Shayan FK: Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient
infected with SARS-CoV-2, a case report. J Neuroimmunol.
346(577294)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
32
|
Sancho-Saldaña A, Lambea-Gil Á, Liesa JL,
Caballo MR, Garay MH, Celada DR and Serrano-Ponz M: Guillain-Barré
syndrome associated with leptomeningeal enhancement following
SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Med (Lond). 20:e93–e94. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
33
|
Juliao Caamaño DS and Alonso Beato R:
Facial diplegia, a possible atypical variant of Guillain-Barré
syndrome as a rare neurological complication of SARS-CoV-2. J Clin
Neurosci. 77:230–232. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
34
|
Zhao H, Shen D, Zhou H, Liu J and Chen J:
Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection:
Causality or coincidence? Lancet Neurol. 19:383–384.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
35
|
Alberti P, Beretta S, Piatti M,
Karantzoulis A, Piatti ML, Santoro P, Viganò M, Giovannelli G,
Pirro F, Montisano DA, et al: Guillain-Barré syndrome related to
COVID-19 infection. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm.
7(e741)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
36
|
Sedaghat Z and Karimi N: Guillain Barre
syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report. J Clin
Neurosci. 76:233–235. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
37
|
Tiet MY and AlShaikh N: Guillain-Barré
syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case from the UK.
BMJ Case Rep. 13(e236536)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
38
|
Su XW, Palka SV, Rao RR, Chen FS, Brackney
CR and Cambi F: SARS-CoV-2-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome with
dysautonomia. Muscle Nerve. 62:E48–E49. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
39
|
Uncini A, Vallat JM and Jacobs BC:
Guillain-Barré syndrome in SARS-CoV-2 infection: An instant
systematic review of the first six months of pandemic. J Neurol
Neurosurg Psychiatry. 91:1105–1110. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
40
|
Velayos Galán A, Del Saz Saucedo P,
Peinado Postigo F and Botia Paniagua E: Guillain-Barré syndrome
associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neurologia. 35:268–269.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In English,
Spanish).
|
41
|
Virani A, Rabold E, Hanson T, Haag A,
Elrufay R, Cheema T, Balaan M and Bhanot N: Guillain-Barré syndrome
associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. IDCases.
20(e00771)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
42
|
Coen M, Jeanson G, Culebras Almeida LA,
Hübers A, Stierlin F, Najjar I, Ongaro M, Moulin K, Makrygianni M,
Leemann B, et al: Guillain-Barré syndrome as a complication of
SARS-CoV-2 infection. Brain Behav Immun. 87:111–112.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
43
|
Qin J, You C, Lin Q, Hu T, Yu S and Zhou
XH: Estimation of incubation period distribution of COVID-19 using
disease onset forward time: A novel cross-sectional and forward
follow-up study. medRxiv: 2020.03.06.20032417, 2020.
|
44
|
Wang L, Shen Y, Li M, Chuang H, Ye Y, Zhao
H and Wang H: Clinical manifestations and evidence of neurological
involvement in 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: A systematic
review and meta-analysis. J Neurol. 267:2777–2789. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
45
|
Helms J, Kremer S, Merdji H, Clere-Jehl R,
Schenck M, Kummerlen C, Collange O, Boulay C, Fafi-Kremer S, Ohana
M, et al: Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. N
Engl J Med. 382:2268–2270. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
46
|
Moriguchi T, Harii N, Goto J, Harada D,
Sugawara H, Takamino J, Ueno M, Sakata H, Kondo K, Myose N, et al:
A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with
SARS-Coronavirus-2. Int J Infect Dis. 94:55–58. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
47
|
Sun X, Wang T, Cai D, Hu Z, Chen J, Liao
H, Zhi L, Wei H, Zhang Z, Qiu Y, et al: Cytokine storm intervention
in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia. Cytokine Growth Factor
Rev. 53:38–42. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
48
|
Balasa R: Therapeutic plasma exchange: An
indispensable therapy for severe neurological condition. J Crit
Care Med (Targu Mures). 6:89–90. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
49
|
Abrams RM, Kim BD, Markantone DM, Reilly
K, Paniz-Mondolfi AE, Gitman MR, Choo SY, Tse W and Robinson-Papp
J: Severe rapidly progressive Guillain-Barré syndrome in the
setting of acute COVID-19 disease. J Neurovirol. 26:797–799.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
50
|
Gutiérrez-Ortiz C, Méndez-Guerrero A,
Rodrigo-Rey S, San Pedro-Murillo E, Bermejo-Guerrero L, Gordo-Mañas
R, Aragón-Gómez F and Benito-León J: Miller Fisher syndrome and
polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19. Neurology. 95:e601–e605.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
51
|
Fantini J, Di Scala C, Chahinian H and
Yahi N: Structural and molecular modelling studies reveal a new
mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against
SARS-CoV-2 infection. Int J Antimicrob Agents.
55(105960)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
52
|
Duong L, Xu P and Liu A:
Meningoencephalitis without respiratory failure in a young female
patient with COVID-19 infection in downtown los angeles, early
April 2020. Brain Behav Immun. 87(33)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
53
|
Goldman N, Cuvellier JC, Soto-Ares G and
Vallée L: A post cytomegalovirus Guillain-Barré syndrome, with
atypical presentation, associated with arachnoiditis in a
10-month-old girl. Neuro Neurosurg. 1:1–2. 2018.
|
54
|
Docea AO, Tsatsakis A, Albulescu D,
Cristea O, Zlatian O, Vinceti M, Moschos SA, Tsoukalas D, Goumenou
M, Drakoulis N, et al: A new threat from an old enemy: Re-emergence
of coronavirus (Review). Int J Mol Med. 45:1631–1643.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
55
|
Kim JE, Heo JH, Kim HO, Song SH, Park SS,
Park TH, Ahn JY, Kim MK and Choi JP: Neurological complications
during treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome. J Clin
Neurol. 13:227–233. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
56
|
Koga M: Experimental approach in research
of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A range of pathogeneses mediated by
molecular mimicry. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol. 9:93–100. 2018.
|
57
|
van Doorn PA, Ruts L and Jacobs BC:
Clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment of Guillain-Barré
syndrome. Lancet Neurol. 7:939–950. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
58
|
Bunschoten C, Jacobs BC, Van den Bergh PY,
Cornblath DR and van Doorn PA: Progress in diagnosis and treatment
of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.
Lancet Neuro. 18:784–794. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
59
|
Calina D, Docea AO, Petrakis D, Egorov AM,
Ishmukhametov AA, Gabibov AG, Shtilman MI, Kostoff R, Carvalho F,
Vinceti M, et al: Towards effective COVID-19 vaccines: Updates,
perspectives and challenges (Review). Int J Mol Med. 46:3–16.
2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|