Tumor microenvironment is not an ‘innocent bystander’ in the resistance to treatment of head and neck cancers (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Laura Mazilu
    • Andra-Iulia Suceveanu
    • Dana-Lucia Stanculeanu
    • Andreea-Daniela Gheorghe
    • Gabriela Fricatel
    • Serban-Mircea Negru
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: August 5, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10562
  • Article Number: 1128
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Abstract

Head and neck cancers are still one of the most common types of cancer in the world. They rank in the leading sixth place in terms of incidence globally, and the incidence continues to rise. The mortality rates remain at high levels. Pathological subclassification places squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) in the first place concerning the histological forms of head and neck cancers; a tumor with extremely aggressive behavior and high mortality rates. The tumor microenvironment is a very complex ecosystem of cellular and non‑cellular components, characterized by unique features, that contribute to the appearance of immunosuppression and diminished anticancer immunity, impacting patient prognosis and treatment outcome. Despite many important advances in therapy, resistance to therapy represents a difficult challenge in HNSCC patients. Tumor progression, metastasis, and response to therapy are all influenced by the complex ecosystem represented by the tumor microenvironment and by the interactions between cellular and non‑cellular components of this system. Therefore, the tumor microenvironment, in the light of recent data, is not an innocent bystander. In the last few years, there has been a sustained effort to characterize the tumor microenvironment, to identify targets of response and identify other mechanisms of tumor‑specific immune responses, or to discover other biomarkers of response. There is an urgent need to understand how to properly select patients, the therapy sequence, and how to use feasible biomarkers that can help to identify the patient who may obtain the most benefit from available therapies.
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October-2021
Volume 22 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Mazilu L, Suceveanu A, Stanculeanu D, Gheorghe A, Fricatel G and Negru S: Tumor microenvironment is not an ‘innocent bystander’ in the resistance to treatment of head and neck cancers (Review). Exp Ther Med 22: 1128, 2021
APA
Mazilu, L., Suceveanu, A., Stanculeanu, D., Gheorghe, A., Fricatel, G., & Negru, S. (2021). Tumor microenvironment is not an ‘innocent bystander’ in the resistance to treatment of head and neck cancers (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 1128. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10562
MLA
Mazilu, L., Suceveanu, A., Stanculeanu, D., Gheorghe, A., Fricatel, G., Negru, S."Tumor microenvironment is not an ‘innocent bystander’ in the resistance to treatment of head and neck cancers (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.4 (2021): 1128.
Chicago
Mazilu, L., Suceveanu, A., Stanculeanu, D., Gheorghe, A., Fricatel, G., Negru, S."Tumor microenvironment is not an ‘innocent bystander’ in the resistance to treatment of head and neck cancers (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 4 (2021): 1128. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10562