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Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis

  • Authors:
    • Yan Heng Zhao
    • Shun Wen Zhang
    • Hai Jun Zhao
    • Hui Yuan Qin
    • Fang Wu
    • Jie Zhang
    • Yu Qing Zhang
    • Xiao Ling Liu
    • Su Liang
    • Hui Zhang
    • Jiang Dong Wu
    • Zheng Yong Zhao
    • Hong Zhou Wang
    • Meng Shao
    • Jing Liu
    • Jiang Tao Dong
    • Wan Jiang Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China, Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zhao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 1143
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    Published online on: August 9, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10577
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Abstract

The inflammatory response is closely associated with sepsis occurrence and progression. Damage to the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier is considered to be the ῾initiation factor᾿ for the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, which is the most severe progression of sepsis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) could alleviate the systemic inflammatory response and protect the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier in a rat model of sepsis. The mechanism underlying this protective effect was also explored. Sprague‑Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham, sham + GdCl3, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP; a model of sepsis) and CLP + GdCl3. In each group, blood was collected from the abdominal aorta, and intestinal tissue was collected after 6, 12 and 24 h of successful modeling. Levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑6 and IL‑1β were determined using ELISA. Western blot analysis was used to determine levels of occludin, tight junction protein ZO‑1 (ZO‑1), myosin light chain kinase 3 (MLCK), NF‑κB and caspase‑3 in intestinal tissues. Hematoxylin‑eosin staining was used to observe the degree of damage to intestinal tissue. The results indicated that in CLP sepsis model rats treated with GdCl3, the release of systemic and intestinal pro‑inflammatory factors was reduced and tissue damage was alleviated when compared with untreated CLP rats. Additionally, the expression of occludin and ZO‑1 was increased, while that of NF‑κB, MLCK, and caspase‑3 was reduced in the CLP + GdCl3 rats compared with the CLP rats. GdCl3 may alleviate systemic and intestinal inflammatory responses and reduce the expression of MLCK through inhibition of the activation of NF‑kB. The results of the present study also indicated that GdCl3 promoted the expression of occludin and ZO‑1. GdCl3 was also demonstrated to reduce cell apoptosis through the inhibition of caspase‑3 expression.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhao YH, Zhang SW, Zhao HJ, Qin HY, Wu F, Zhang J, Zhang YQ, Liu XL, Liang S, Zhang H, Zhang H, et al: Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis. Exp Ther Med 22: 1143, 2021.
APA
Zhao, Y.H., Zhang, S.W., Zhao, H.J., Qin, H.Y., Wu, F., Zhang, J. ... Zhang, W.J. (2021). Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 1143. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10577
MLA
Zhao, Y. H., Zhang, S. W., Zhao, H. J., Qin, H. Y., Wu, F., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y. Q., Liu, X. L., Liang, S., Zhang, H., Wu, J. D., Zhao, Z. Y., Wang, H. Z., Shao, M., Liu, J., Dong, J. T., Zhang, W. J."Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.4 (2021): 1143.
Chicago
Zhao, Y. H., Zhang, S. W., Zhao, H. J., Qin, H. Y., Wu, F., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y. Q., Liu, X. L., Liang, S., Zhang, H., Wu, J. D., Zhao, Z. Y., Wang, H. Z., Shao, M., Liu, J., Dong, J. T., Zhang, W. J."Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 4 (2021): 1143. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10577
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Spandidos Publications style
Zhao YH, Zhang SW, Zhao HJ, Qin HY, Wu F, Zhang J, Zhang YQ, Liu XL, Liang S, Zhang H, Zhang H, et al: Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis. Exp Ther Med 22: 1143, 2021.
APA
Zhao, Y.H., Zhang, S.W., Zhao, H.J., Qin, H.Y., Wu, F., Zhang, J. ... Zhang, W.J. (2021). Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 1143. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10577
MLA
Zhao, Y. H., Zhang, S. W., Zhao, H. J., Qin, H. Y., Wu, F., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y. Q., Liu, X. L., Liang, S., Zhang, H., Wu, J. D., Zhao, Z. Y., Wang, H. Z., Shao, M., Liu, J., Dong, J. T., Zhang, W. J."Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.4 (2021): 1143.
Chicago
Zhao, Y. H., Zhang, S. W., Zhao, H. J., Qin, H. Y., Wu, F., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y. Q., Liu, X. L., Liang, S., Zhang, H., Wu, J. D., Zhao, Z. Y., Wang, H. Z., Shao, M., Liu, J., Dong, J. T., Zhang, W. J."Gadolinium chloride pre‑treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 4 (2021): 1143. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10577
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