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High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Adina Stoian
    • Zoltan Bajko
    • Smaranda Maier
    • Roxana Adriana Cioflinc
    • Bianca Liana Grigorescu
    • Anca Moțățăianu
    • Laura Bărcuțean
    • Rodica Balașa
    • Mircea Stoian
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pathophysiology, ‘George Emil Palade’ University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania, Department of Neurology, ‘George Emil Palade’ University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania, 1st Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, ‘George Emil Palade’ University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
    Copyright: © Stoian et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 1182
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    Published online on: August 16, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10616
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Abstract

The still ongoing COVID‑19 pandemic has exposed the medical community to a number of major challenges. A significant number of patients require admission to intensive care unit (ICU) services due to severe respiratory, thrombotic and septic complications and require long‑term hospitalization. Neuromuscular weakness is a common complication in critically ill patients who are treated in ICUs and are mechanically ventilated. This complication is frequently caused by critical illness myopathy (CIM) or critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) and leads to difficulty in weaning from the ventilator. It is thought to represent an important neurologic manifestation of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). COVID‑19 infection is known to trigger strong immune dysregulation, with an intense cytokine storm, as a result, the frequency of CIP is expected to be higher in this setting. The mainstay in the diagnosis of this entity beside the high level of clinical awareness is the electrophysiological examination that provides evidence of axonal motor and sensory polyneuropathy. The present article presents the case of a 54‑year‑old woman with severe COVID 19 infection who developed neuromuscular weakness, which turned out to be secondary to CIP and was treated successfully with a high dose of human intravenous immunoglobulins. Related to this case, we reviewed the relevant literature data regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features of this important complication and discussed also the treatment options and prognosis.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Stoian A, Bajko Z, Maier S, Cioflinc RA, Grigorescu BL, Moțățăianu A, Bărcuțean L, Balașa R and Stoian M: High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review). Exp Ther Med 22: 1182, 2021.
APA
Stoian, A., Bajko, Z., Maier, S., Cioflinc, R.A., Grigorescu, B.L., Moțățăianu, A. ... Stoian, M. (2021). High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 1182. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10616
MLA
Stoian, A., Bajko, Z., Maier, S., Cioflinc, R. A., Grigorescu, B. L., Moțățăianu, A., Bărcuțean, L., Balașa, R., Stoian, M."High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.4 (2021): 1182.
Chicago
Stoian, A., Bajko, Z., Maier, S., Cioflinc, R. A., Grigorescu, B. L., Moțățăianu, A., Bărcuțean, L., Balașa, R., Stoian, M."High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 4 (2021): 1182. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10616
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Stoian A, Bajko Z, Maier S, Cioflinc RA, Grigorescu BL, Moțățăianu A, Bărcuțean L, Balașa R and Stoian M: High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review). Exp Ther Med 22: 1182, 2021.
APA
Stoian, A., Bajko, Z., Maier, S., Cioflinc, R.A., Grigorescu, B.L., Moțățăianu, A. ... Stoian, M. (2021). High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22, 1182. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10616
MLA
Stoian, A., Bajko, Z., Maier, S., Cioflinc, R. A., Grigorescu, B. L., Moțățăianu, A., Bărcuțean, L., Balașa, R., Stoian, M."High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22.4 (2021): 1182.
Chicago
Stoian, A., Bajko, Z., Maier, S., Cioflinc, R. A., Grigorescu, B. L., Moțățăianu, A., Bărcuțean, L., Balașa, R., Stoian, M."High‑dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic option in critical illness polyneuropathy accompanying SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A case‑based review of the literature (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 22, no. 4 (2021): 1182. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10616
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